Release date: 2016-07-08 The naked mole rat from East Africa is the longest-lived rodent in its life, with a lifespan of up to 30 years, nearly 10 times that of normal mice. More importantly, the naked mole seems to have a natural resistance to cancer, and there are very few records of cancer in nude moles. Therefore, this animal has attracted the attention of many scientists. They believe that revealing the natural anti-cancer mechanism of naked mole rats helps to find a cure for human cancer treatment. Naked mole Scientists from Hokkaido University and Keio University in Japan have recently answered this question. They found that the key to anti-cancer in nude mice is two genes, which both completely inhibit the possibility of cell death in nude mice. This achievement was published in the recent "Nature Communication". At the cellular level, naked mole rats have very different performances from humans and mice. The same is the pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) induced by the reverse differentiation of fibroblasts. When the latter is transplanted into the testis of mice with extremely weak immunity, the iPSC derived from naked mole rats will not undergo cancer, and humans And the mouse iPSC produces tumors. In fact, the performance of human and mouse cells here is "normal." When transplanted back into an animal, iPSCs are usually able to differentiate into multiple types of tissues, and may also undergo canceration to produce teratoma. When the immunity of animal receptors is extremely weak, the tendency of this cancer is more difficult to suppress. Induction process of naked squirrel iPSC The researchers found that the iPSC in nude mice is actively expressed in a tumor suppressor gene called ARF, which is inhibited in human and mouse iPSCs. Moreover, mouse embryonic stem cells and iPSCs, which are commonly expressed as ERAS proto-oncogenes, are in an inactive state in nude mouse iPSCs. If you change the state of these two genes in the naked mouse iPSC, the ARF gene is knocked out and introduced into the mouse ERAS gene, then the nude mouse iPSC will be transplanted into the mouse, it will be like human and small. The mouse iPSC is cancerous and produces tumors. Thus, ARF and ERAS genes are likely to play a key role in the anticancer mechanism of naked mole rats. To further investigate the role of the ARF gene in nude mouse cells, the researchers suppressed its expression during the re-encoding phase of iPSC formation. The results showed that not only did cell proliferation cease, but it also showed signs of aging. When the same operation is performed on mouse cells, the opposite result occurs. The researchers described this function of the ARF gene in naked mole rat cells as "ARF suppression-induced senescence" (ASIS). This function seems to be unique to the naked mole, and is another manifestation of the anti-cancer effect of the ARF gene. This discovery not only brings new ideas to the development of cancer therapy, but also helps to clear the major obstacle to the clinical application of iPSC, namely the possibility of canceration of iPSC. "Further research on the molecular mechanism of ASIS is expected to help unravel the mystery of the anti-cancer mechanism of naked mole rats and contribute to the development of non-carcinogenic human iPSCs, leading to safer cell therapies," the author of the article, Professor Miura Kyoko said. Source: WuXi PharmaTech Fingerprint Safe,Coffee Color Safe,Fingerprint Panel Safe,Gold Color Fingerprint Safe Hebei Hupai Aodi Cabinet Industry Co.,Ltd. , https://www.aodicabinet.com
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