Release date: 2015-04-03 In order to raise awareness of autism and related research and diagnosis and autism patients, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution in December 2007: starting from April 2008, the annual April 2 is designated as "World Autism Day". (World Autism Awareness Day). The theme of this World Autism Day is "Employment: The Autism Advantage" (occupation: autism advantage). It is estimated that 80% of adults with autism are unemployed. Studies have shown that employers ignore the ability of some people with autism to be stronger than the general population, such as pattern recognition and logical reasoning. In addition, their ability to pay attention to details is stronger than the general population. These qualities make them more suitable for certain occupations, such as software testing, data entry, laboratory work and proofreading. The barriers that must be overcome to unlock these potentials are: lack of vocational training, inadequate support for employment, and more widespread discrimination. Current status of autism The concept of autism was first proposed by Johns Hopkins University expert Leo Canner in 1943 and is classified as a developmental disorder due to a nervous system disorder that includes abnormal social skills. , communication skills, interests and behavior patterns. The clinical symptoms are: very lonely in the baby stage, unwilling to contact with people, the patient grows up in a few words, has poor verbal communication skills, is stubborn and self-willed, sticks to the rules, and opposes any change. Autism generally begins in the first 30 months of life, the ratio of male to female is about 3.5 to 4:1, and China is even more disparate, about 6 to 9:1, and the best dry expectation is 0 to 6 years old. With the continuous relaxation of assessment and testing criteria, the rate of autism spectrum disorder patients detected worldwide is on the rise. In 2007, the National Institute of Health's statistics on the prevalence of autism spectrum was 1:150. The current statistics are 1:88. There are reports that 35 million people worldwide suffer from autism, and one child diagnoses autism every 20 minutes. According to data released by the Centers for Ddisease Control and Prevention (CDC), the proportion of autism in children born in the United States in 2008 was 1/88, and the ratio of male to female incidence was 5:1. 2014 China Autism The Child Development Report was released in Beijing. The report speculated that there may be more than 10 million autistic patients in China, the number of children between 0 and 14 years old may exceed 2 million, and the prevalence of boys is higher than that of girls. The ratio of male to female is about 4:1 or 5:1. Rehabilitation is not optimistic, introducing new treatment models So far, the most effective way to treat autism is to carry out professional rehabilitation training. The United States, Israel and other countries have invested heavily. There are more than 6,000 rehabilitation institutions in the United States, and there are related regulations. For example, a person with autism needs to be equipped with: diagnostic experts, psychologists and psychological counselors, professional trainers, volunteers in life care, etc. The government pays. However, the recovery of autistic children in China is not optimistic. The ratio of autistic children to all children in China is 1:150, while the number of rehabilitation institutions is only a few hundred, most of which are private institutions. More than 100 children in one classroom have concentrated rehabilitation, and therapists and caregivers are limited. Most of these private organizations are facing shortage of funds. Due to the limitations of the nature and scale of the organization, many institutions do not have a complete management system. The China Institute of Public Welfare of Beijing Normal University released the "Status of Autistic Children in Mainland China" report in 2012, pointing out that nearly 90% of children in China found abnormal conditions after 2 years of age, and nearly 30% of children were diagnosed at one time. Over the years, 44.2% of children with autism have spent more than half a year from suspicion to diagnosis. Half of autistic children need to wait in line to enter the institution for training, and nearly one in five children need to wait for more than three months. Less than one-third of children with autism receive rehabilitation before they are three years old, and nearly one in five children do not begin rehabilitation until they are 6 years old. These have placed a heavy burden on children with autism and their families. At present, domestic rehabilitation of autism basically draws on foreign rehabilitation techniques, including applied behavior analysis therapy, structured teaching method, interpersonal relationship development intervention, picture exchange and exchange system, social skills training, language training, and sensory integration training. However, there are also some institutions in the country that have introduced rehabilitation models from advanced foreign organizations, such as the China-Autumn Autism Rehabilitation Center. The Israeli BIS rehabilitation model introduced by the center mainly includes multi-sensory treatment, hydrotherapy, and establishment of a barrier-free children's playground. At present, the center is under construction in an orderly manner and is expected to officially receive children with autism in 2018, so that they can receive international advanced rehabilitation treatment as soon as possible. Latest research progress Autism has been thought to be related to psychosocial factors. However, it is now found not only because of the lack of a warm parenting environment, but also because of genetics, brain disease or trauma and other physiological causes. Scientists from all over the world have also been insisting on finding the root cause of autism. Recently, in a study published in Nature, a research team led by Johns Hopkins University identified a new genetic cause of autism. The team compared the genetic sequences of 13 autistic members of the family with population sequences from a public database. They found four potential culprit genes, and because one of the genes, CTNND2, is located in a genomic region known to be associated with another mental disorder, they focus on it. When they studied the effects of this gene in the brains of zebrafish, mice, and human corpses, the team found that the proteins it produced affected the regulation of many other genes. Chakravarti said that CTNND2 protein levels in the fetal brain are much higher than in adult brains or other tissues, so it may play a key role in brain development. In two studies published in Nature on October 29, 2014, two major autism genetic studies, led by scientists at the University of California, San Francisco, and more than 50 laboratories around the world, found Dozens of genes related to autism. Studies have shown that rare mutations in these genes can affect communication networks in the brain and undermine basic biological mechanisms that control whether, when, and how genes are activated. Source: Bio-Exploration
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World Autism Day: China's autistic patients or over 10 million