Scientific application of nitrogen fertilizer technology

Nitrogen fertilizer is the most demanding fertilizer variety in agricultural production. It plays an important role in increasing crop yield and improving the quality of agricultural products. However, if nitrogen is too much, the proportion of nutrients is imbalanced, which often leads to crops in the middle and later crops, and the resistance to drought is weakened. As a result, yield and quality are reduced. Therefore, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied scientifically:

1. It is recommended to combine the soil testing formula with the nutrient balance method to determine the amount of nitrogen applied and the amount of nitrogen applied = (the amount of nitrogen needed by the crop - the amount of nitrogen supplied to the soil)/the utilization rate of nitrogen in the fertilizer, where: the amount of nitrogen required by the crop = the target yield ( Kg.hm-2) Per unit yield of nitrogen uptake (kg) Soil supply of nitrogen = Soil available nitrogen (mg.kg-1) 2.25 Soil N use factor Fertilizer NUE = Fertilizer nitrogen content Quarterly nitrogen utilization rate of 100%.

Second, pay attention to the balance of fertilized crops on a variety of nutrient demand has a certain proportion, therefore, chemical nitrogen fertilizer must be combined with phosphorus, potash fertilizer, organic fertilizer and chemical nitrogen fertilizer application, and according to the crop growth period of different nutrient requirements, Implement balanced fertilization.

3. Adhere to reasonable methods for applying nitrogen Nitrogen, volatilization, nitrification, denitrification, leaching, and runoff of farmland soil nitrogen are the main loss routes. Therefore, nitrogen application methods should be emphasized: 1. Adhering to the principle of “deep application of soil” and ammonium. When nitrogen fertilizer and urea are used as base fertilizers, they insist on deep application and combine tillage with cover soil to reduce the volatilization of ammonia by utilizing the adsorption capacity of the soil. When topdressing, it is necessary to use acupuncture, furrows, or irrigation. In order to overcome the possible delay of fertilizer effect caused by deep application of nitrogen fertilizer, the application time should be appropriately several days in advance, and the amount should be reduced as appropriate during the middle- and late-stage fertilizer application. 2, to avoid the leaching of nitrate nitrogen and denitrification, nitrate nitrogen fertilizer applied to paddy fields, generally do not do basal fertilizer, top-dressing should avoid flooding, the rainy season as little as possible or not Shi. Avoid the simultaneous application of a large amount of unrefined organic fertilizer so that the loss of nitrate nitrogen and the loss of denitrifying nitrogen can be avoided. 3. Use reasonable water and fertilizer management in paddy fields to promote the “water-nitrogen-nitrogen” deep-fertilizer technology. That is, before fertilizing, paddy fields will stop irrigation, and the fields will be aired for several days. Water-controlling fields will promote root development and facilitate the absorption of nitrogen. , As far as possible to control the soil is in an unsaturated state, nitrogen fertilizer immediately after the application of shallow water, so that the fertilizer with the water seepage, deep into the soil, so that fertilizer has a slow, steady, long characteristics.

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