How to control tomato umbilical rot

At the beginning of the development of tomato umbilical rot, water-stained green spots formed on young fruits and green umbilicus gradually turned dark brown, and then spread to the top of the fruit to the most part of the fruit surface. The pulp tissue of the diseased part rotted, the water loss shrank, and the top depression ( Figure). In wet conditions, black or red molds are formed.

Causes of morbidity: First, the imbalance of nutrition, the lack of calcium in the soil, tomatoes can not absorb enough calcium from the soil. And too much nitrogen, nutrient growth is too prosperous, affect the absorption of calcium, causing physiology disorders around the umbilical cells, resulting in umbilical rot. Second, the imbalance of soil moisture supply or instability, especially in the results of the drought, watering is not timely, severe changes in soil moisture, young fruit and green fruit umbilical water loss caused by tissue necrosis. Or the application of unripe fertilizer or fertilizer is too thick to cause root burning, affecting the normal absorption of water. In particular, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer causes plants to grow long, and the lack of increased calcium can also cause umbilical rot. In addition, irregular seedlings may also cause the occurrence of partial plant umbilical rot.

Preventive measures: 1. Foliar spray calcium, boron fertilizer. In the tomato fruit expansion period, use a higher concentration of calcium, boron fertilizer, add 50 grams of boron fertilizer + 150 grams of calcium fertilizer every 15 kilograms of water mix spray, spray fertilizer about 45 kg per mu, 7 days after the spray Apply 1 time. For tomatoes with mild symptoms of umbilical rot, adding a broad-spectrum fungicide such as chlorothalonil or carbendazim when spraying foliar fertilizer can prevent the occurrence of other diseases. For the fruit with severe symptoms of umbilical rot, early picking and treatment, and timely application of boron and calcium fertilizer to prevent the emergence of tender fruit.

2. Balanced fertilization. To avoid the use of high-potassium fertilizer, tomatoes should be top-dressed or fertilized. It is better to use a compound fertilizer with a balanced proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (1:1:1) to prevent the higher concentration of potassium in the soil from affecting the absorption of calcium by tomatoes. Organic fertilizers should be added to increase the permeability of the soil and improve the plant's root absorption environment. The pH of the soil is adjusted to neutral, and lime soil fertilizer should be added to the acidic soil in time to avoid continuous cropping.

3. Drought relief. In the summer, it often encounters high temperature and drought or heavy rain. If the soil is too dry or too wet, it will affect the normal absorption of calcium by roots, and it is easy to induce the disease. It should be ensured that the soil is dry and wet. When it encounters dry weather, it must be watered in time, and in the event of heavy rain, it must be drained in time.

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