Optimizing fertilizer and water management to prevent melon from "two diseases"

Blight usually occurs before the fruit is harvested. At the beginning, the leaves wilted at the noon, and the leaves begin normal again the next day, and then wither to death, which is a physiological disease. Cause of the disease, first, the use of plastic sports sports seedlings, young roots, old roots, new roots dysplasia; Second, poor soil moisture retention, irrigation and drainage conditions are poor; Third, the plant leaves too much fruit, fertilizer and water supply; the fourth is the greenhouse The temperature of the nursery's shed is too high, the amount of evaporation is large, and the water loss is physiological.

Bacterial leaf blight, also known as brown spot, usually occurs during the period of squashing. The disease is a fungal disease. When the external environment is suitable, it can easily burst in the short term. The pathogens mainly damage the leaves and often involve petioles, stems and fruits. Leaf blight firstly attacked from the base leaves, and the leaves first appeared yellow dots, followed by water-stained bulges. The boundary between diseased and healthy parts was obvious. As the germs spread and expanded, the lesions gradually cleared away. The subsequent synthesis of large plaques causes the leaves to char. Infested with vines, the depression in the lesions was gray-brown. The fruit is victimized, the lesions turn brownish and slightly sag, and when the lesions are severe, they are susceptible to cracking and rot. The reason for the occurrence of leaf spot disease is that the seeds carry germs; the second is residual soil bacteria; third is the spread of pathogens through wind and rain; and the fourth is that temperatures above 32°C and relative humidity above 90% are easily induced; The density is too large, the roots are undeveloped, the shade is severe, and the disease resistance is poor. Sixth, excessive fertilization results in reverse osmosis in the root system, or partial application of potash inhibits the absorption of magnesium, resulting in yellowing and withering between veins.

Both of these diseases will affect or even seriously affect the yield of melon. In this regard, agricultural measures should be taken as the main factor, and fertilizers should be optimized, combined with prevention and control, so as to lay a solid foundation for melon production.

First, double disinfection. One is to disinfect melon seeds, one can be soaked in warm water of 55°C-60°C for 15 minutes, and the other can be soaked in 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 1-2 hours. The second is to sterilize the seedbed soil. One can use 70% of the dexamethasone WP 500 times, and the second can use 50% carbendazim WP 500 times.

Second, select finishing arable land. The first is to avoid using melons to weigh heavily, the other is to deepen the soil, and the third is to finely prepare the soil, make the soil of the field full of soil and make it turbid, and make it virtual. The fourth is to require drainage and irrigation, especially if it cannot be covered with water.

Third, optimize balanced fertilization. When the base fertilizer is applied, one can use 2000 to 3,000 kilograms per mu of mature soil compost or livestock manure, and 1500 to 2000 kilograms per mu of human excrement can be used. The third option is 50 kilograms of refined bio-organic compound fertilizer per acre, with sulfuric acid applied. Potassium 15 kg, superphosphate 25 kg. When muskmelon sits melon, 25 kg of diammonium phosphate can be applied per acre.

Fourth, prevent disease invasion. In the early stage of the disease, 50% sicillin wettable powder or 70% mancozeb WP can be sprayed, or sprayed with Bordello, sprayed once every 7-10 days, sprayed 2-3 times in total. .

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