Apple Orchard High Spindle Tree Saves Labor and Labor

The high-spindle shape has the advantages of simple structure, easy to grasp technology, rapid forming, labor saving, high initial yield, small crown width, suitable for close planting, etc. It is currently the preferred tree type for the low efficient and efficient cultivation mode of short anvils, and also the apple production. A tree commonly used in advanced countries.

I. Structure and characteristics of tall spindle structure

1. High-spindle tree structure. The overall shape of the tall spindle is a high-spindle shape or a cylindrical shape. After crowning, the canopy crown is small and tall, with an average crown width of 1 to 1.5 meters, a height of 3.5 to 4.0 meters, and a trunk height of 0.8 to 0.9 meters; the central leading With 30 to 50 small temporary main branches with spiral arrangement, the branches are directly born on the small main branch. The average length of the small main branch is 0.5-0.8 meters, and the average angle with the central stem is about 110 degrees. The distance between the side main branch and the main branch is about 20 cm. The ratio of the thickness of the main branch of the central leadership to the main branch of the same position is 5 to 7:1. After the formation of the high-spindle apple tree, the number of sticks per acre in the autumn is 80,000 to 120,000, and the proportion of long, medium and short branches is 1 1:1:8.

2. High spindle-shaped tree features.

1 The structure is simple, the technology is easy to grasp and the forming is fast. The high spindle has no permanent main branch. As long as strong and straight stems are cultivated, the tree skeleton culture has been completed. Unlike the traditional tree, it takes many years to cultivate the tree skeleton from the trunk, main branch and lateral branches. , And the technical requirements are high and difficult to grasp.

2 Convenient management and labor saving. With the transfer of rural laborers to cities and the substantial increase in labor costs, labor-saving cultivation will become the only way for future fruit industry development. The high-spindle shape shaping and its supporting cultivation mode are the best choices for mechanization of orchards and significant labor savings. Traditionally, due to the large tree crown, people must drill into the canopy to complete the tree operations. In the tall spindle tree, because the crown of the fruit tree is small, the length of the main branch is less than or close to the length of the human arm, and people stand between the rows. All orchard operations can be completed without drilling into the interior of the tree canopy. Management on the tree can use the “line-line” management method to treat a row of fruit trees as a whole—a tree wall, which can be divided into two operations. Without having to circle around the fruit trees and drill between the plants. This has greatly saved the labor force and created conditions for some simple machines to replace the artificial ones.

3 High output in the early period. The traditional tree shape generally takes 5 years to complete the tree structure, and a large number of fruiting is generally 6 to 7 years later. With the use of high-spindle reshaping, fruit trees are formed quickly. Generally, the tree-like structure can be completed and fruit-bearing in 3 years. With proper management, there will be a good yield in the fourth year, shortening the sapling period by more than 2 years. If large gardens are used to build gardens, they will be faster, and they will have production the next year.

4 suitable low-stock an efficient cultivation mode. The key contents of the efficient cultivation mode of dwarfing anvils are: dwarfing rootstocks, large gardens, wide-row dense planting, high spindle tree shape, and pruning branches pruning.

Second, high-spindle shaping method

1. Planting the first year of management. Grafting and cutting anvils immediately after planting in the spring is equivalent to heavy cutting of seedlings. After June, a simple fertilizer and water integration technology was used to top-dress the fertilizer. In the early stage, nitrogen fertilizer was the main component. By August, attention was paid to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and pest control work was well done throughout the year. Through meticulous management, the fruit trees can grow to 1.8 to 2 meters long before falling into the fall season. They are upright and robust and do not need to use bamboo rafts for righting. In cold areas, it is buried in winter to prevent cold.

2. The second year after planting. In the spring of the second year, in the fruit tree, full of buds (more than 80 cm) are carved. It is possible to inscribe 3 buds at intervals between the growth of the young trees. A total of 6 to 8 buds will be engraved to promote branching, plus natural fruit trees. The germinating buds ensure that about 10 branches are formed in the second year, and the branches are pulled when the length is 50 to 60 cm. Pull branches according to the length of the branches are different in thickness, the pull-down angle is not the same, the thicker the branches, the longer the pull angle, all branches must be pulled below the level, the general pull branch angle is about 110 degrees. At the same time check the central leadership to extend the head and remove competitive branches in time. While the central leadership is growing normally and reaches a predetermined height, it can pick up leaves at the upper part of the site to promote secondary branching. It can also be used for center-stretching topping at an appropriate time during the summer growth period. Secondary branches. With good pest control and soil and fertilizer management, when the fruit trees fall into the second year, the height can reach 2.5 to 3 meters with 10 to 12 small main branches. The second year of winter is not pruned either.

3. The third year after planting. In the spring of the third year, it continued to sprout in the middle of the air, provoking branching. At the same time, the branches that grow thicker in the previous year are promoted. The specific measures include: Wangzhi carved buds, virtual Wang branches dividedly cut and twisted branches, small and small Wang branches to suppress the top to promote sprouting, over-spending branches also It can trigger restraints and so on. For the branches that had been twitched after the last year and the branches that were not in place, the branches were redrawn. The management of the growing season is the same as in the previous year. When the height of fruit trees reaches 3 to 3.5 meters, there are 25 to 30 small main branches, of which the main branches that grew last year form excellent short branches and become flowers, and individual fruit trees carry fruit sporadically. The orchards are initially formed.

Hair Removal Device

Hair Removal Machine,Hair Removal Device,Best Hair Removal Device,Laser Hair Removal Device

Shenzhen Jie Zhong Lian Investment Co., Ltd. , https://www.szmeizons.com