Analyze the development trend of biomedical optical technology

Analyze the development trend of biomedical optical technology

With the continuous advancement of biomolecular optical marking technology, optical technology is playing an increasingly important role in revealing the basic laws of life activities, and it provides more and more effective means for medical diagnosis and treatment.

I. Overview of biomedical optics development

Biomedical optics (Biomedical Optics) is a hot topic in recent years by the international optical industry and the biomedical community widespread concern in the biopsy (using optical coherence tomography weak --OCT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), the cell structure It has made gratifying research results with functional detection (using laser confocal scanning microscopy) and in vivo observation of gene expression patterns (using fluorescent gene labeling technology). Currently, brain activity and function are being carried out from macroscopic to microscopic multi-faceted surfaces. the study. Science has published nearly 20 related papers in recent years. With the development of optical technology, biomedical optics will have an important impact on the structure, function and other life phenomena of graduate students, especially the human body, at multiple levels.

Second, biomolecular optical technology

The occurrence and regulation of significant life activities of cells is achieved through the interaction of biological macromolecules (protein-protein, protein-nucleic acid, etc.). In-depth study of gene expression and protein-protein interactions can not only reveal the basic laws of life activities, but also provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of disease development, and thus provide new possibilities for finding more effective drug molecules, improving drug screening and drug design efficiency. Ideas.

(1) Limitations of modern molecular biology in studying gene expression and protein-protein interactions

With the rapid development of modern molecular biology technology, especially with the advent of the post-genome era, people have been able to establish various cell and animal models as needed to study gene expression patterns, intermolecular interactions, and proliferation of tumor cells in vivo. Good signalling conditions, cell signaling, differentiation, apoptosis, and new angiogenesis provide good biological conditions.

However, despite the in-depth and meticulous research on gene expression and protein-protein interactions using existing molecular biology methods, real-time, dynamic monitoring of protein and gene activities is still not possible. In the physiological process of cells, the expression, modification and interaction of genes, especially proteins, often undergo reversible and dynamic changes. Current molecular biology methods are not able to capture these transient, dynamic, and reversible changes in proteins and genes, but obtaining this information is critical to the study of gene expression and protein-protein interactions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods for in vivo, dynamic, real-time, and continuous monitoring of protein and gene activities.

The combination of optical imaging technology and molecular biology technology provides a reality and possibility for studying the above scientific problems. Therefore, on the basis of modern molecular biology technology, it is urgent to develop new imaging technologies. In vivo living animals, how to achieve real-time in vivo imaging monitoring of gene expression and protein-protein interaction is a major core scientific and technological problem that needs to be solved urgently! This is a major fundamental issue of common interest in disciplines such as biology, information science (optics) and basic clinical medicine. The study of this scientific issue not only helps to clarify the basic laws of life activities, recognizes the law of the occurrence and development of diseases, but also has a major impact on innovative drug research, drug efficacy evaluation, and development of early disease diagnosis techniques (photonic medical diagnostic techniques). .

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