The color of the diagnosis of "neijing" of the Chinese medicine diagnosis of skin

Color diagnosis and skin of Chinese medicine diagnosis

The color diagnosis is described in more detail in the book “Neijing” and it is often referred to as the five-color diagnosis. The color diagnosis also includes skin color inspections in other parts of the body, such as the ruler and the eye. The color diagnosis actually depends on the color of the skin and collaterals. The color of the skin and collaterals is affected by various factors, and the appearance and color of the external color change greatly. This kind of change is clinically invisible. Because of its practical value, it is one of the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine as a unique diagnostic method.

The color diagnosis depends on the color of the skin and the bloodstream “Microcirculation System.” Due to the skin pigment content, blood vessel changes, the thickness of the stratum corneum and the granular layer, the color of the skin is not the same, and it is also related to race. . The skin consists of epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Underneath the epidermis, the dermis is a tight fibrous layer composed mainly of two types of connective tissue: collagen fibers and elastic fibers, giving the skin its strength and elasticity. In addition to connective tissue, there are blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, glands in the dermis: hair follicles, hair, nerve sensory endings. The skin varies from person to person. In children's skin, reticular fibers are thick and fuzzy, and collagen fibers are soft and less transparent, similar to reticular fibers. However, in the skin of the elderly, collagen fibers harden and degenerate, and the reticular fiber becomes a significant hypertrophic fiber. The elastic fiber denatures and shrinks the protein into a filamentous shape. The change of age has a great influence on the skin tissue. The change in Huayin is also recorded in the “Inner Canon”. For example, “Plain Sudden Innocence Theory” has “face coke” and “face coke”. Record.

The blood vessels of the skin are also very abundant. They can store 1/5 of the total human blood. The blood vessels that are distributed from the inside to the subcutaneous tissue are thick, and when it is between the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue, the branches are fine and the vascular deep plexus is formed. (Under the dermis). When blood vessels ascend perpendicularly between the nipple layer and the reticular layer, the twigs are separated and constitute the shallow plexus of the skin (the papillary blood vessels). In addition, many capillaries enter the nipple and are transferred from the arterial capillaries into the venous capillaries and gradually merge into small veins. Along with the small arteries, the venous plexus is also below the nipple and below the dermis, and is denser than the arterial plexus. Shandong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zibo, Shandong Province believes that: the skin's muscles, mainly smooth muscle, only a small amount of facial expression of the striated muscle sympathy, smooth muscle by the sympathetic innervation, such as stimulation will shrink. The rich vascular network, inflammation, physical and chemical stimuli in the skin can cause tiny blood vessels and capillaries to expand and make the skin red, and cold stimulation can make blood vessels shrink and make the skin pale. When the blood flow is stagnant, the skin is purple.

The TCM color diagnosis is based on the transparency of the skin epidermis to observe the color of the microcirculation and the color of the skin pigments. The color appearance of the microcirculation mainly depends on the number of superficial capillaries in the dermis, and also on the oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in the blood. Content, generally speaking, shallow capillaries in the dermis are open. When the content of oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood is high, the color of the skin is ruddy. Because the distribution of the capillary network and the number of openings are different, the color shades reflected are also different, and the facial capillaries are abundant. Therefore, the color diagnosis reflected by Chinese medicine is mainly in the facial color.

The skin of the meridian system of traditional Chinese medicine is the same as that of modern medicine. Although some statements are different, there are similarities. The skin is the distribution area of ​​the twelve meridians on the body surface. Therefore, the 12-th skin area is called the meridian system in the skin, and the skin is most closely related to the collaterals, especially the floating structures. From the meridians and collaterals, the human body aspect network is formed, and the skin is formed into segments. The skin, collaterals, and meridians form an integral connection, which is similar to modern medical arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and skin. The pathological changes in the human body through the meridians are the main contents of the color diagnosis. The overall connection between the meridians, the skin, and the dermis is well explained in the “Principles of the Skin” section. In the skin, then the reason is to open, open the evil people in the collateral veins, collateral veins full, then the meridians, full of meridians, then people are willing to give up their dirty." Also explains the inseparable relationship between the skin and the meridians.

The color diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine is mainly based on five colors. The five colors of green, yellow, white and black are associated with the five internal organs and five lines. The "Internal Classic" discusses quite a lot. The five-color diagnosis is based on the five internal organs. It is considered that the five colors are the subtle external valours of the five internal organs and coincide with the five elements. Five colors are dirty, green is the liver, red is the heart, white is the lung, yellow is the spleen, and black is the argument of the kidney. Five colors are used as an example combined with modern medicine to recognize: the emergence of red: normal conditions, see the color rosy, pathological conditions can also be seen red, heart rate, speed up, blood circulation, blood hemoglobin oxygen content increased, the skin shallow capillaries Open network congestion is the main principle of red color. This is particularly evident in areas where the capillary network is abundantly distributed, such as in the cheeks.

The appearance of yellow: Yellow changes blood composition, such as hypochromic anemia and jaundice.

The appearance of white: cold stimulation or other factors lead to contraction of the arterioles or closure of the capillaries, reduced blood flow, and reduction of oxygenated hemoglobin can appear white.

The appearance of cyan: Cyan is caused by increased blood viscosity, slow blood flow, and blood viscosity obstruction.

The above is only a summary of the effects of color-changing, circulatory system, and changes in physicochemical components of blood on color diagnosis, but it can explain the close relationship between color diagnosis and cardiovascular circulation or blood components.

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