Drought irrigation and management techniques of corn under film

The increase in production of drip irrigation under the membrane is an integration of advanced irrigation technology and fertilization technology. It not only exerts the function of film-covered cultivation to increase the ground temperature and reduce evaporation between trees, but also realizes irrigation and fertilization of corn as required, and the uniform and continuous transportation of water and nutrients. To the soil near the root, for root absorption, improve the utilization of water and fertilizer to achieve the purpose of increasing production and efficiency. The technical content mainly includes the laying of drip irrigation systems and drip irrigation under conditions of increasing yield and efficiency of corn cultivation techniques.

First, the cultivation technology points:

1. Fine soil preparation and scientific fertilization

Sewage ridges before planting, wide and narrow row of cultivation, can be adjusted according to the size of the paddy field, generally narrow 40 to 50 cm, width 60 to 80 cm. The stubble machine or stubble rotary tillage, the depth of ploughing to reach 20 to 25 cm, so that the real real under the virtual, no rubble, soil, combined with site preparation to apply the base fertilizer, timely suppression, to wait for the state. Generally, high-quality fertilizers, diammonium phosphate, and potassium sulfate are used per acre, or compound fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer. A large-scale joint preparation and ridging operation was completed at one time, and the soil preparation effect was good.

2. Design laying drip irrigation pipeline

Main pipe laying methods are mainly independent and composite. The laying method of stand-alone main pipe has the advantages of labor saving, material saving and easy operation, but it is not suitable for large-area operation; the laying of composite main pipe can be carried out in large area. Drip irrigation requires the water source to be closer to the land, and there is a fixed place in the field that can be equipped with a power source. There are two types of branch pipe laying methods: direct connection and indirect connection. The direct connection method has low input cost but large water pressure loss, resulting in uneven degree of soil wetting; indirect connection method has the characteristics of flexibility, strong operability, etc., but increases control, connection parts and other components, and increases the cost of one-time investment. The speed and quality of the drip irrigation between 50 to 70 meters between the branch pipes are the best.

3, choose a reasonable and dense

The mulch is covered with drip irrigation, and it can be used as a compact type with a tolerance of 7 days to 10 days longer than the open field variety. Before seeding, seeds are treated in the usual way. Reasonable increase in planting density.

Second, fine sowing

When the plough layer of 5 to 10 centimeters is stable at a temperature of 10 degrees, the plow can be sowed. With a thickness of 0.01 mm mulch, the width of the mulch depends on the ridge width. According to the sowing method can be divided into two kinds of sowing on the membrane and seeding under the membrane.

1. Seeding on the membrane: sow multi-function precision seeder with corn film drip irrigation, drip drip tape, spray herbicide, cover the film, sow, cover soil and suppress the operation once. Its operation sequence is drip irrigation → Spray herbicide → cover mulch → sow → cover → repression.

2. Seeding under the membrane: Mechanical sowing can be used. After sowing, the herbicide is sprayed on the ridge by mechanical means. Pressure on both sides of the mulch should be enough, and every 3 to 4 meters should press some soil on the membrane to prevent the wind from sweeping the membrane.

Third, strengthen field management

Corn film drip irrigation culture should always check whether the film is tight, and found that there is damage or earth pressure is not true, it is necessary to use soil pressure in a timely manner to prevent the wind is blown away, so as to protect the insulation. According to the water requirement of corn crops, timely drip irrigation.

1. Drip Irrigation: After equipment installation and debugging, it can be timely irrigation according to soil moisture conditions, each irrigation 1 hectare, according to the length of the capillary to calculate the number of open "zones", do not open the valve when watering is too much, usually a 12 - 15 acres, the valve is too open, easy to disperse the pressure of the capillary water to produce a wave seedlings, each irrigation water according to the number of acres of water, 4 square meters per hour per mu, drip 12-20 square mu, each irrigation It takes 4-6 hours to calculate 50 cubic meters of water per hour for the well.

2. Top-dressing: According to the characteristics of corn demand and fertilizer, the fertilizer is loaded into the fertilizer applicator according to the proportion, fertilize with water to prevent premature defertilization and improve water and fertilizer utilization. Calculate the amount of fertilizer used in each irrigation area, dissolve the fertilizer in a large container, and pour the solution into a fertilizing tank.

3. Chemical control: Because planting density is high, temperature is high, water is sufficient, plant growth is fast, in order to prevent the plant from growing too high and causing lodging, control should be taken in 6-8 leaf-spreading periods.

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