Rice Herbicides Must Be Learned

The dry rice can be directly irrigated with valerian before sowing, with pendimethalin, pyrazosulfuron, and bensulfuron-methyl for pre-emergence weed control. Live water can be pre-embedded with azosulfuron-methyl or bensulfuron plus pretilachlor. After the emergence of seedlings can be used according to the grassy phase azosulfuron, bensulfuron, bispyribacillin, valerifolim, oxazolyl, fluoxyl, dimethyl tetrachloro, quinclorac, cyanofluoro Grass ester, penoxsulam, alfalfa, etc.

Penicillin is an excellent selective herbicide for dryland crops. It can be widely used in corn, soybean, peanut, cotton, direct seeded rice, potato, tobacco, vegetable and other crop fields. Currently, pendimethalin is the third largest herbicide in the world. Its sales volume is second only to the herbicides glyphosate and paraquat. It is also the world's largest sales herbicide. Penicillin is a selective herbicide with wide applicability. After spraying, no soil is needed to prevent the growth of weed seedlings. For annual grass weeds and some broad-leaved weeds such as: grasses, crabgrass, green foxtails, chamois, goosegrass, purslane, alfalfa, alfalfa, Ricinus communis, Solanum nigrum, Fragile Mirissa, Alien sedge and other effects are remarkable. The control effect of grass weeds is better than that of broad-leaved weeds, which has a poor effect on perennial weeds. It should be noted that crops can only be used once per season. Pendimethalin is a selective pre-emergence, post-emergence dryland soil treatment herbicide. Weeds absorb the agent through buds that are germinating. The agent that enters the plant binds to tubulin and inhibits mitosis in plant cells, causing weed death. Upland rice, paddy field with dry rice: Use 150-200 ml of 33% Pendimethalin per acre and water 15-20 kg, and spray the top soil before sowing after sowing.

Notes: Low doses of soil organic matter, sandy soil, and low-lying land use high doses, high soil organic matter content, clay soil, drought climate, and low soil moisture content. Insufficient soil moisture or arid climatic conditions require 3-5 cm of soil after application. Strong adsorption in the soil, will not be leached to the deep soil, rain after application will not only affect the weeding effect, but also can increase the weeding effect, do not have to re-spray. The validity period in the soil is 45-60 days.

Pizimisulfuron is a sulfonylurea herbicide. It is a selective system of herbicides that are transported through the root system. They are absorbed by the root system and are rapidly transferred to the weed plants to inhibit growth and the weeds gradually die. Rice can break down the drug and have little effect on rice growth. The efficacy is stable, safety is high, and the effective period is 25~35 days. It is suitable for paddy field, direct seeding field and transplanting field. Can control annual and perennial broad-leaved weeds and Cyperaceae weeds, such as sedges, sedges, firefly, duckweed, garden cress, artichokes, wild arrowworts, eye dishes, blue pods, wolfberry intestinal. It is not effective for valerian and gold. Generally used in rice 1 to 3 leaf stage, per acre with 10% wettable powder 15 ~ 30 grams of mixed soil application, but also watered spray. Keep the water layer for 3 to 5 days after medicine. Transplanting fields, medication 3 to 20 days after insertion, and water retention for 5 to 7 days. The safety of rice is good, but the late rice varieties (Japonica rice, japonica rice) are relatively sensitive and should be avoided in the late rice shoots, otherwise it is easy to produce phytotoxicity.

Bensulfuron-methyl is a selective systemic rice field herbicide. It can effectively control the 1-year-old and perennial broad-leaved weeds and sedges, and can be absorbed by roots and leaves of weeds and spread to other parts. For rice safety, use methods are flexible. Suitable for controlling 1 year old and perennial broad-leaved weeds and sedges in paddy fields. Rice field and direct seeding field can be applied after sowing to the weeds within the 2 leaf stage. To control 1 year old broad-leaved weeds and sand grass, use 20-30 g of 10% wettable powder per acre, and spray 30 kg of water or 20 kg of mixed fluvo-aquic soil. Keep the water layer 3-5cm during application for 3-4 days. Rice transplanting fields can be used 3 weeks before and after transplantation, but it is better to use 5-7 days after transplanting. Use 20-30 grams of 10% wettable powder per acre to prevent weeds and perennial weeds. The dose can be increased to 30-50 grams. The 5cm water-retaining layer can be sprayed on the water, or sprayed on the fine soil, and the water layer can be kept dry for 3-4 days. Bensulfuron has good effect on weeds in the 2-leaf stage, but it has poor effect on more than 3-leaves. The effect of barnyardgrass is poor, and paddy fields based on barnyardgrass should not be used. Sprayers should be rinsed after use. When spraying, there must be a 3-5cm layer of water in the paddy field to evenly distribute the medicine. 7 days after the application of undrained, string of water, so as not to reduce the efficacy.

Pretilamin, other name: Sofit, is a highly selective rice field herbicide. For rice security, kill a wide spectrum of grass. Weed seeds absorb the agent during germination and have poor root absorption. Only pre-emergence soil treatment can be used. The germination period of rice is also sensitive to pretilachlor. In order to ensure the safety of early medication, preservative is often used as a safener CGA123407. It is suitable for controlling 1-year-old grasses and broad-leaved trees such as rushes of rice grass, bald oysters, chamois, goosegrass, cattle felt, narrow-leafed amaranth, water leeks, heterophylla, melissa, cloves, and duckweed. Leaf weed. It is used in the direct-flowing water field and the Putian, and it is well-grounded and then germinated. 2 to 4 days after sowing, irrigation shallow water layer, use 30% EC per acre 100-115 ml, spray or spread the whole field on 30 kg of water or 20 kg of mixed fluvo-aquic soil, keep moist, and the surface can not have water. Mainly used to control grass weeds. The product belongs to 2-chloroacetanilide herbicide and is a cell division inhibitor. It can be used in soil treatment to control alfalfa weeds, styrax species, cattle blankets, beech grass, and narrow-leaved Alisma. Usually used 3~5d before transplanting. When the product was applied alone, the selectivity of the wet-inserted rice was poor, and when it was used together with the herbinidine, it had excellent selectivity for the in-line rice. For example, if the product is mixed with halothiazine at 600+200gai/ha, the effect is higher than 90% for beakgrass, stylosa, clerodendrum, and wandergrass, and the effect is 100% for chrysanthemum. . Note that timely sowing and medication should be used after the land is well-prepared, otherwise the weeds will be excavated and the efficacy will be affected. The sown rice should have normal root buds. Avoid buds without roots. When used in the northern rice area, the application period should be appropriately extended, the first test, and then a large area to promote, so as not to produce phytotoxicity.

Grasshopper, rice herbicide with systemic effect. It can be absorbed by the roots and buds of weeds. Particularly vulnerable to absorption by the budding sheath. There are special effects on valerian. And the application period is wider. But the narrow spectrum of killing grass. Applicable to the control of alfalfa grass in the rice field, grass, such as odd-shaped sedge. Can be applied before sowing, first all good fields, good sash, and then use 100-150 ml per acre of 96% EC, 10 kg of fine soil, evenly spread the soil surface and immediately mixed soil leveling. Keep the shallow water layer and sow the germinated rice seeds after 2-3 days. After normal management. It is also possible that the rice seedlings grow to more than 3 leaf stages, and the grasses are in the 2-3 leaf stage, with 100-150 milliliters of 96% emulsifiable concentrate per acre, and 10 kilograms of mixed fluvo-aquic soil. Keep the water layer 4-5cm for 6-7 days. If the grass is in the 4-5 leaf stage, the dose should be increased to 150-200 ml. Hemerocallis is highly volatile, and the water layer is maintained for 7 days during application and after application, otherwise the efficacy cannot be guaranteed. Japonica rice is especially sensitive to barnyardgrass, and the dose is too high or the drug is not uniform, and it is easy to produce phytotoxicity. Herborist is not effective against alfalfa for other broad-leaved weeds and perennial perennial weeds, and can be used in combination with other herbicides.

Herborium edulis, a selective herbicide for internal absorption, is mainly absorbed through the weed roots and young shoots. It is used as a soil treatment agent and is safe to rice and has excellent control effects against alfalfa. Applicable to rice, wheat, soybeans, peanuts, corn, vegetable fields and orchards, etc. to control alfalfa grass, calf hairy grass, heterostyphoraceae, Qianjin, crabgrass, barnyardgrass, green foxtail, minced sedge, purslane, see Mai Niang and so on. The water can be applied directly before or after sowing in the 2-3 leaf stage of rice seedlings. Apply 200-300 ml of 50% EC and spray 35 kg of water per acre. Keep the water layer 3-5cm during application, 5-7 days. Live spray can spray evenly at 30-40 kg. Mixed with the enemy can receive better results.

Metamifop is an aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide developed by the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology. It is excellent at controlling most annual grass weeds, unlike most herbicides of this type. Yes, oxazolamide is safe for rice and can effectively control the main weeds in paddy fields, such as alfalfa grass, Qianjin, crabgrass and goosegrass. It is mainly used for transplanting and direct weeding in rice fields. Low toxicity, safety to the environment, extensive miscibility, and potential for weeding in other crops and lawns are promising herbicides. In the soil, it is mainly degraded by both chemical and microbial pathways. At 25°C, the half-life in soil under normal conditions is 40 to 60 days. A single dose of foliar spray is used to control the transplanting of annual grass weeds in the field. Is an ACC enzyme inhibitor, can inhibit plant fatty acid synthesis. Within a few days after treatment, the sensitive varieties showed leafy greens and inhibited growth. Some varieties showed dryness and even died 2 weeks after application.

Chloroquinolinic acid is a selective herbicide for control of alfalfa in rice fields. It is a hormone-type quinoline carboxylic acid herbicide. The symptoms of weed poisoning are similar to those of auxin and are mainly used to control alfalfa and have a long pot life. 1-7 leaf stage are valid. Rice is safe. Residues in the soil are mainly through photolysis and degradation of microorganisms in the soil.

Mainly used for rice field flood control grass. Can also prevent rain long flower, Sesbania, cress, duckweed, saponin. Transplanted field alfalfa can be applied at the 1-7 leaf stage, with 13.5-26 grams of active ingredient in mu, spraying, draining water before the medicine, draining water after the medicine and keeping the 3-5cm water layer. The seedlings of Tianzhu seedlings were applied after the 2.5 leaf stage, and the amount was the same as above.

Note: Residues in the soil are relatively large, and it is easy to produce phytotoxicity to the back hoe. The back hoe can be used for rice, corn and sorghum. Solanaceae (tobacco, potato, pepper, etc.), Umbelliferae (carrot, celery), Polygonaceae (spinach, beet) Malvaceae, Cucurbitaceae (various melons), Leguminosae, Asteraceae, Convolvulaceae The crop is sensitive to the drug.

With herbicide Dan, bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-methyl, propanil, cyhalofop-butyl, etc. mixed to expand weed spectrum. Excessive use of quinclorac in some areas throughout the year has caused cumulative phytotoxicity in the field. If it is used too early, excessively, or if water is diffused through the leaves, the typical symptoms of chloroquine-induced phytotoxicity to rice are the emergence of onion seedlings in the seedlings. Can be unfolded), leaf color is normal; new leaves can not be extracted due to the healing of the upper tissue, and the stalk is peeled off, and the new leaf is seen in the volume. The severely damaged seedlings are curled up and down into a scallion-like cane. After transplanting into the field, they generally die. If they survive, the formed seedlings are also deformed, and some of the rice plants even die. In the case of light seedlings, the base of the stem enlarges, becomes hard, becomes brittle, and the heart is narrowed and twisted into a deformed shape, but the tilled seedlings grown after transplanting into the field still grow normally. The symptoms of phytotoxicity generally appear 10~15 days after application.

Bispyribe is a pyrimidine salicylate herbicide. It is a highly active acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor. This product can be quickly absorbed by the weed stems and leaves, and transmitted to the entire plant, suppressing the plant. The meristems grow to kill weeds. Efficient, broad-spectrum, extremely low usage. It can effectively control paddy field weeds and other grass weeds, and also treat most broad-leaved weeds, some Cyperaceae weeds and barnyardgrass that are resistant to other herbicides. Such as: alfalfa grass, double ear paspalum, rice Lee's cockroach, crabgrass, cut stems bentgrass, Alopecurus, northeast sweetgrass, wolfberry grass, alien sedge, sunshine scoop madder, broken melon, Firefly, Japanese grass, flat stalk grass, beech grass, rain long-lasting flower, wild mushroom, Alisma, eye dish, ginseng grass, cow felt, festival dish, street food, water bamboo, hollow lotus seeds Most of the weeds commonly found in paddy fields such as grass and flower buds. It has special effects on older yarrow and double-headed gar, which can kill yarrow of 1-7 leaf stage. Live-rice field: It can be used after emergence of the live rice until the heading, and the best results can be obtained at the 3-5 leaf stage of the alfalfa. Direct broadcast rice fields use 20% bispyrazine wettable powder 18-24 grams per acre, watered 25-30 kilograms, uniformly spray weed stems and leaves. Transplanting fields or throwing fields: After transplanting or transplanting rice, 15 days after transplanting or throwing seedlings, the seedlings should be returned to green and then applied afterwards to avoid premature application of pesticides. Use 20% bispyrazine wettable powder 12-18 grams per acre, watering 25-30 kg, evenly spray weed stems and leaves. Dry the field water before spraying to expose all the weeds. Apply water 1-2 days after application and keep 3-5 cm of water for 4-5 days. Can only be used for weeding in paddy fields and not for other crops. After indica rice varieties are sprayed with the product yellowing phenomenon, can be restored 4-5 days, does not affect the yield. Alfalfa grass can be used in the 1-7 leaf stage, the grass is small, with low doses, large grasses, with high doses. The use of silicone additives can improve the efficacy. Antifreezequinolinic valerian also produced resistance to cyhalofop-butyl and bispyribacillin after 2 consecutive years of application of cyhalofop- butylate and bispyribac- terone, and this resistance to valerian has a compound resistance. In some areas where bispyribole has already been used, it is necessary to pay attention to this point and be cautiously optimistic about the effectiveness of field control so as to avoid poor control.

Pyrimidine is a novel oxime ester compound with a broad spectrum of selective postemergence herbicides. The mechanism of action is similar to that of sulfonylureas and imidazolinergic herbicides, which are all acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. It has selective super-efficient post-emergence herbicidal activity against rice, common wheat, and zoysiagrass, and has no pre-emergence herbicidal activity. It is used to control various grassy weeds and broad-leaved foliar species such as barnyardgrass, large spikes, and amaranth. The effect is outstanding, and it is safe for rice and common wheat. Herbicides have slower weed control and can inhibit weed growth after application, but must die after 2 weeks. The medication is moderately broad and is effective for the 1.5 to 6.5 leaf stage of barnyardgrass. In the 2.5 to 3.5 leaf stage, 100% control can be achieved at a dose of 10 g/h, and 100% control can be achieved at 3.5 to 4.5 leaf stage to a dose of 20 g/h.

Penoxsulam is a conductive herbicide. It has a broad spectrum of weed killing. It has good control effects on many kinds of weeds commonly found in paddy fields, including barnyardgrass, annual sedges, and various broad-leafed grasses. Up to 30 to 60 days, one dose can basically control all-season weed damage. At present, the dosage form registered in China is 2.5% oil suspension agent (DaoJie). Penoxsulam is safe to rice and can be used during the first leaf stage to mature stage of rice, and it is also safe for back hoe. Some weeds that have developed resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides also have better control efficacy with this product. Absorbed by stems, leaves, buds and roots, transmitted through the xylem and phloem to meristem, inhibited plant growth, and made the growing point chlorosis. After the first 7 to 14 days of treatment, the top buds became red and necrosis, and the plants died in 2 to 4 weeks. The agent is a strong acetolactate synthase inhibitor, and the agent appears to be slow. It takes a certain period of time before the weeds gradually die. It is applicable to dry direct seeding field, water direct seeding field, paddy field, seedling transplanting and transplanting cultivation field of rice. The dosage is 15~30g ai/hm2. The dry direct field was applied before shoots or after irrigation, and the water direct seeding field was applied early after seedlings; the transplanting cultivation was applied 5 to 7 days after transplanting. The spraying method can be sprayed or mixed with soil. The product is very safe for rice. In 2005 and 2006, 10 rice varieties were sprayed at a dose of 70 ga.i./hm2 in the 2 to 3 leaf stage. No differences were found in rice height, heading date and yield. This shows that all varieties have strong resistance. When the ultra-high dose, early growth inhibition of rice roots, but the rapid recovery does not affect the yield. Penoxsulam can be quickly absorbed by the soil. Leaching is weak in the soil of most paddy fields. Its adsorption capacity in clay soils and soils containing high organic matter is higher than soils containing light soil and low organic matter content. It has the danger of aggravating phytotoxicity in soils with pH>8.0. The drug is easy to migrate in the soil and does not remain in the long term. Because the agent's saturated vapor pressure is low, it is not easy to evaporate from water; in irrigation rice fields, the half-life of the agent is 2~13 days; photolysis and microbial degradation are the main disappearance pathway of penoxsulam. It can resist hydrolysis in water, but can quickly disappear in the shallow water layer by photolysis. Photolysis of the aqueous solution is three ways: cleavage of the sulfonamide bridge, gradual degradation of the triazolopyrimidine and its substituents, and photooxidation of the sulfonyl group. This photolyzed product can remain for a long time. In the paddy soil, anaerobic microbial degradation is an important process for the disappearance of the drug, and its disappearance is as fast as the photolysis. Penoxsulam is attracting attention because of its low toxicity, high efficiency and safety. It will be further developed in rice application and become one of the important products.

Cyhalofoprin is an aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicide. Rice field selective herbicide, can only be used for stem and leaf treatment, pre-emergent treatment is not effective, there is a certain amount of control effect on younger grasses, but also control, crabgrass, double-head paspalum, green foxtail, goosegrass, Maimai Wait. Ineffective for sedge weeds and broad-leaved weeds. It is highly efficient for thousands of gold. Cyhalofop-butyl herbicide is a pair of high-safety rice in the aryloxyphenoxypropionic herbicides. Like other varieties, it is a conductive herbicide. It is absorbed by leaves and sheaths of the plant, and the phloem conducts and accumulates in the meristem area of ​​the plant, resists acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), stops fatty acid synthesis, cell growth and division do not proceed normally, and membrane systems contain The destruction of the fat structure eventually leads to the death of the plant. The death from the absorption of the cyhalofop-butyl ester to the weeds is relatively slow and generally takes 1-3 weeks. The symptoms of weeds after application are as follows: Four-leaf buds shrink and cause death. The old leaves in the two-leaf stage have minimal changes and remain green. Rice (transplantation and direct seeding) has excellent selectivity for rice, etc. The selectivity is based on different metabolic rates. In rice, cyhalofop-butyl ester can be quickly degraded into diacids that are inactive to acetyl-CoA carboxylase. State, and thus have a high degree of security for rice. Because it degrades rapidly in the soil and typical paddy fields, it is safe for post-crop crops. The drug is highly toxic to aquatic arthropods and should not be introduced into aquaculture sites. Its combination with some broad-leaf herbicides such as pyrimidoxime may show antagonism, showing decreased efficacy of the cyhalofop-butyl.

Fluroxypyr is a system of post-emergence, post-emergence herbicides that are quickly absorbed by plants. This results in the reaction of typical hormonal herbicides in susceptible plants. Plants are deformed, distorted, and eventually die. Fluroxypyr is a pyridine oxyacetic acid herbicide with internal absorption and a typical hormonal herbicide response. When used post-emergence, sensitive crops respond with typical hormone herbicides. Suitable for the control of broad-leaved weeds in wheat, barley, corn, grapes, orchards, pastures, woodlands, lawns, etc.; such as swine crickets, roll stalks, purslane, solanum nigrum, field bindweed, alfalfa, alfalfa, etc. Not valid for grass weeds. The herbicidal effect of isooctyl fluconoacetate conversion to fluoxetine was 288 g/l isooctyl fluconoacetate equivalent to 200 g/l fluroxyprox.

With the growing area of ​​direct-seeded rice, fluoxetine has also been gradually applied to direct-seeded rice to control some broad-leaved weeds, the most common of which are purslane, Aquilegia, amaranth and aqua peanut. Note that no silicone should be added when chlorofluoroacetic acid is used for weeding, and the second step is to use it before the jointing stage of rice four-leaf stage.

Dimethyl tetrachlorine is harmful to the roots of rice. It was used in many places before the time of pulling out the rice. It is believed that this will make the seedlings grow bigger and thicker or cracking. For selective hormonal herbicides. Its mode of action is the same as that of 2,4 drops. However, its volatility and speed of action are lower and slower than 2,4 drops of butyl ester EC. Therefore, it is safer to use than 2,4 drops in the cold rice area. The grass seedlings are very sensitive at seedling stage. After the 3 to 4 leaf stage, the resistance gradually increases, the strongest at the end of the tillering stage, and the sensitivity to spikelet differentiation increases again. Therefore, the application should be made at the end of rice tillering. It is suitable for the control of rice, wheat and other dry land crops such as Trilobata, Apatula, Alisma, Wild Sagittaria and other broad-leaved weeds. Dimethyltetrachlorine is harmful to the root system of rice. It was used in many places before the time of pulling, and it is thought that it will make the seedlings better.

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