Potato is one of the three major food crops in the semi-arid region of Northwest China. It is a pillar industry for farmers to increase production and income and get rid of poverty. However, due to the limitation of water resources in the region (annual rainfall of 300-500mm), potato production is low and unstable for a long time. In order to further improve potato yield and water and fertilizer use efficiency, based on the whole-film covered furrow planting technology, through the field experiment research and pilot demonstration, the potato full-film cover ridge micro-groove planting technology was established. skills requirement 1, seed processing Shoots and cut Shaizhong: warm species is generally performed 15 days before sowing, cut shoots buds sprout can see when white buds, to make the cut when the cutter sterilized buds (50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 500 Double liquid soaking knife), cut to the diseased potato must throw away the diseased potato, and then cut a piece after disinfection, try to divide the top bud into several pieces when cutting the bud, each bud weight 25 ~ 30 grams is appropriate. Drug soaking: soak the seed potato with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times for 15 minutes, then dry and sow. 2, enough base fertilizer Choose a plot suitable for potato growth, avoid continuous cropping; mainly based on farmyard manure, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, and fully fermented organic fertilizer. The sorghum should be deeply ploughed and smashed in time after harvesting. The ploughing depth is 25-30cm; the base fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer is 1000-2000kg/667m2, the urea is 20kg/667m2, the superphosphate is 25kg/667m2, and the potassium fertilizer is 2.5kg/667m2. 3, timely sowing, rational close planting It is advisable to plant spring mulch potatoes at the end of February and early March. 2 row planting, small spacing 40 cm, 120 cm large spacing, depth of 15 to 20 cm, 3 cm soil block backswing organic fertilizer buds, shoots up, spacing 25 to 30 cm, and then sealed casing seed furrow, ridge The height is 25 cm, and the number of plants per 667 square meters should reach 5,000, covering the mulch after planting. 4, ridge film It is required to have a large ridge width of 60 cm and a height of 20 cm, and to open a small groove in the middle of the large ridge surface, the small groove is 10 cm wide and 5-8 cm deep. The large groove is 40cm wide. It is required that the furrows are narrow and uniform, and the ridges are uniform in height. The autumn film and the top film are mainly covered with a black mulch film having a thickness of 0.01 mm and a width of 120 cm. Perforation is made every 50cm in the micro-ditch and the large ditch on the ridge, so that the precipitation can penetrate into the soil in time. 5. Seed selection and seeding density and time Generally, Xindaping, Qishu No. 3, Qishu No. 5, Qishu No. 6, Yushu No. 7, Yushu No. 8, Yushu No. 9, and Weishu No. 10 are selected. Sowing in late April and early May, density 3500-4000 plants / 667 m2. 4, field management: mainly late blight and underground pest control. 6, reasonable fertilizer earth When the seedlings grow to 15-20 cm high, topdressing is carried out, 10 kg of urea per 667 m2 and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer are added, and then the soil is cultivated to promote rapid growth of the plants in the early stage. During the growth process, it is necessary to timely cultivate and weed, divide the soil in a batch, increase the amount of potato, protect the potato roots, and the potato chips are not exposed and not injured. Suitable for semi-arid areas and areas in central Gansu. 7. Reasonable irrigation Look at the ground water, keep the soil moist, avoid too wet or too dry. After the emergence of the seedlings, timely irrigation 1 time. The flowering period of the bud is a critical period of water demand. In this case, it is necessary to water the soil in time. After this period, watering will seriously reduce the yield and increase the proportion of deformed potatoes. It can be poured 3 to 4 times after the flowering of the bud, and the quick irrigation can be quickly withdrawn. Watering is stopped about 10 days before harvest to improve its quality and is more resistant to storage. 8, timely medication Spraying potassium fertilizer: Spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 5 to 7 days before flowering of the potato, generally increasing yield by about 10%. Prevention of late blight: spray prevention with 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder 500 times before or after 45 days of emergence. 9, timely harvest When the leaves turn yellow, you can dig out the potatoes. Choose a sunny day, easy to pick up, packaging and other field operations. Since the potato after harvesting is exposed to sunlight, the potato block is not only easy to turn green, but also produces a poisonous chemical called solanine, which is very perishable. Therefore, try to avoid high temperature and sun exposure before and after noon, you can temporarily choose a place with low temperature to protect from light, pay attention not to be exposed to direct sunlight. Precautions The ridge height is controlled at 20cm to prevent the moisture in the ridge from being too low and the strong wind in the spring to peel off the membrane in case of severe drought stress. Powder Fire Extinguisher,Powder Type Fire Extinguisher,Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher,Dry Powder Extinguisher JIANGSU NEW FIRE FIGHTING TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , https://www.newayfire.com
Potato full-film cover cultivation management technology in semi-arid area
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