2018 wheat major pest control technology program

1. North China wheat area. It mainly includes the south of the Great Wall of Hebei Province, the winter wheat area in the central and southeastern parts of Shanxi Province, and the cities of Beijing and Tianjin. Among them, the wheat areas in the central and northern parts of Shanxi and Hebei are dominated by wheat aphid, wheat spider, and midge, and both stripe rust and scab; other wheat areas are mainly wheat aphid and midge, and both wheat spider, leaf rust and cyst nematode .

2. Huanghuai Mai District. It mainly includes all of Shandong Province, most of Henan Province, central and southern Hebei Province, Huaibei District of Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces, Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province, and southwestern Shanxi Province. It is mainly caused by stripe rust, scab, sheath blight, powdery mildew, leaf rust, wheat stubble, midgein, wheat spider and cyst nematode disease, taking into account leaf rust and armyworm.

3. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Including Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan provinces, Shanghai, Zhejiang Province and Xinyang District of Henan Province. Focus on scab, stripe rust, sheath blight, powdery mildew, and wheat aphid.

4. Northwest wheat area. It mainly includes Gansu Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the western part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and parts of eastern Qinghai Province. Wheat stripe rust and midgein are the main factors, taking into account wheat powdery mildew, wheat bran, wheat spider and cyst nematode.

5. Southwestern wheat area. Including Guizhou Province, Sichuan Province, most of Yunnan Province, southern Shaanxi Province, southeastern Gansu Province and western Hubei. Mainly for wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew, taking into account wheat scab, wheat stubble and wheat spider.

Second, prevention and control measures

According to the different growth stages of wheat, the main targets are identified, and secondary pests and diseases are taken into account, and overall consideration is given to comprehensive prevention and control. Wheat should be treated with aphids, powdery mildew and wheat spiders in order to prevent and cure sheath blight and stripe rust. The heading and flowering period is mainly to prevent and control wheat scab and sputum, and to take care of rust and powdery mildew. During the filling period, the prevention and control of wheat bran will be strengthened, and comprehensive drug use will be implemented to achieve a multi-effect.

1. Wheat scab disease The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huanghuai and other diseases often occur. On the basis of strengthening fitness training, we must grasp the key period of wheat heading and flowering, so as to see flowers and fight drugs, actively prevent and prevent disease epidemics. For high-sensitivity varieties, if the weather forecast wheat flowering period has more than 2 days of continuous rainy weather, the first application time should be advanced to the heading stage.

The medicinal varieties may be selected from the group consisting of cymene, prochloraz, tebuconazole, thiram, thiophanate-methyl, triflumuron, tebuconazole, imipenem, flucyclazole, Bacillus subtilis, Jinggang·Bacillus, etc. It is necessary to use the amount of liquid medicine, and it will be rained within 3 to 6 hours after application. It should be replenished in time after rain. In case of serious epidemics, after the first prevention and treatment, it is necessary to spray 1~2 times every 5 to 7 days to ensure the control effect.

For areas with high levels of resistance to carbendazim, the use of benzimidazoles should be discontinued and rotational and mixed drugs should be advocated. In areas where the risk of vomiting toxins in wheat exceeds the standard, methoxy-acrylic acid compounding agents such as trifloxystrobin are used with caution. The sporadic area of ​​scab can be combined with other pest control, and the treatment is carried out at the heading and flowering stage.

2. Wheat stripe rust strengthens disease monitoring and implements zoning control. In the southwestern, Hanshui River Basin, southern Henan Province, Gansu Weinan and other major winter-professional areas, it is necessary to block the diseased land, comprehensively implement the "drug detection, management and maintenance" preventive measures, reduce the spread of bacterial sources, and prevent the Huanghuai and North China wheat areas. Spread and spread, reduce the prevalence of late winter wheat and spring wheat. In the northwestern summer area of ​​the northwest, in the spring, the work of the main host of the wheat field will be completed.

In the spring epidemic area of ​​Huanghuai, the prevention and control strategy of “discovering one point, preventing one piece” was implemented, and the disease center was controlled in time; when the average diseased leaf rate in the field reached 0.5~1%, large-area emergency prevention and control was organized, and similar areas were prevented. Full coverage. The control agent may be selected from the group consisting of triazolone, diniconazole, tebuconazole, epoxiconazole, fluconazole, oxazolol, propiconazole, ether oxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, and pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic.

3. Wheat sheath blight and powdery mildew The wheat is greened to the early stage of jointing. When the rate of sheath blight is about 10%, spray control is carried out; the agent can be used with thiafuramide, tebuconazole, propiconazole, diniconazole. , Jinggangmycin, polyclonal antibiotics, Trichoderma, Jinggang·Bacillus and others.

When the leaf rate of powdery mildew disease reaches 10%, spray control is carried out. Commonly used agents are triazolone, diniconazole, myclobutanil, propiconazole, epoxiconazole, tebuconazole, prochloraz, and oxystrobin; If the field occurs seriously, it should be sprayed once every 7 to 10 days. It is necessary to use the amount of liquid medicine to spray evenly to improve the control effect.

4. Wheat larvae focus on the prevention and control of adults at the ear of wheat. In the general occurrence area, when there are more than 25 adults per 10 complex nets, or if you use two hands to open the wheat ridges, you can see phoxim, chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin, and chlorofluorochloride as soon as possible. · Spray control of pesticides such as imidacloprid. The re-issue area was administered once more every 3 days to ensure the control effect.

5. When the wheat aphid reaches 500 heads in the seedling stage, it should be selected. In the field of spikes, the number of Baisui in the field is 800, and when the ratio of beneficial to harm (natural enemies: aphids) is less than 1:150, pymetrozine, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, anti-carbazone, lambda-cypermethrin, and Spraying prevention and treatment of benzene, clothicidamine, matrine, and ear mold. In areas where conditions permit, it is recommended to release bee and ladybugs for biological control.

6. When the spider is in the greening jointing stage, when the average length of 33 cm is 200, the spray of avermectin, bifenthrin, mala phoxim, biphenyl, triazophos, etc. can be used. Prevention and control can be controlled by agricultural measures such as deep tillage, weeding, fertilizer application, and irrigation. In conditional areas, artificial release of predatory mites can be used for prevention and control.

7. Cyst nematode disease in the rejuvenation jointing stage, combined with the control of sheath blight, powdery mildew, aphids, the use of avermectin, imidacloprid, chlorofluoro-imidacloprid, flupira-Avi and other pesticide spray control, and Avermect Prime granules are applied.

Third, the professionalization of the main control technology

1. Wheat stripe rust disease prevention and control technology. On the basis of measures such as planting disease-resistant varieties, chemical dressing, and diversity cultivation, we will strengthen monitoring, timely prevention and control, find a point, control one piece, and discover one piece and control the whole field. This year, southwestern, northwestern Hubei, Jianghan Plain, and southern Henan stripe rust have early disease, many disease sites, and wide range. The risk of spring is high. In this area, special emergency prevention and control should be carried out in spring, and the disease should be strictly controlled to prevent stripe rust. A large area of ​​outbreak hazard.

2. Wheat scab prevention technology. On the basis of planting resistant varieties and healthy cultivation, drug prevention is carried out in time according to the trend of disease epidemics. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the southern part of Huanghuai, pay close attention to the weather forecast for the heading and flowering period. According to the weather forecast, there are more than 2 days of rainy, dew or foggy weather in the wheat flowering stage, and the defense should be organized in the early stage of wheat flowering. Do not see flowers and fight drugs, take the initiative to prevent; if the variety is susceptible to disease, favorable climatic conditions, and high risk of disease prevalence, 1 to 2 times of prevention and control will be carried out every 5 to 7 days to ensure effective control of the hazard.

3. Integrated pest control technology at the ear stage. The heading to filling stage of wheat is a key period for the simultaneous occurrence of various diseases and insect pests such as scab, stripe rust, powdery mildew, leaf rust, wheat stubble, and midges. It can be scientifically mixed with suitable fungicides and insecticides. Medicine, anti-disease and pest control, a spray effect.

The re-emergence area of ​​the larvae is fully utilized for the duration of the drug, and the prevention and treatment time is appropriately advanced, and the drug is used during the initial period of adulthood. In the first generation of the armyworm area, the agent with better effect on the treatment of the armyworm should be selected. The types of pesticides commonly used in specialization are as follows:

Insecticides: imidacloprid, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin, fenvalerate, pirimicarb, omethoate, chlorpyrifos, fluridine · Chlorpyrifos, avermectin, matrine and so on. Among them, imidacloprid and acetamiprid should not be used alone, and should be mixed with low-toxic organophosphorus pesticides.

Fungicide: triadimefon, diniconazole, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, propiconazole, difenoconazole, prochloraz, epoxiconazole, thiazolamide, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl , cymene, Bacillus cereus, Jinggangmycin and the like.

According to the editors, we will do a good job in the prevention and control of major crop pests and diseases in the country in 2018, promote the zero-growth action of pesticide use, help quality agriculture, green agriculture and agricultural transformation and upgrading. The National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center organizes relevant experts to study and formulate 2018. Major pests and diseases of rice, wheat, corn, cotton, potato and other crops, as well as pests such as aphids and armyworms in agricultural areas, and prevention and control technical schemes for citrus fruit fly, apple rot disease, rapeseed sclerotia, and important pests of vegetables in protected areas. Control technology program. Since the beginning of this period, this newspaper will pick up some prevention and control technical solutions.

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