How does potato planting achieve high yields? Key points of efficient cultivation of potato

Potatoes, wheat, corn, and rice are the world's four major food crops. Potatoes are both vegetables and food. How to grow potatoes is a problem that many experts in China have been exploring. Let's learn about the key points of potato planting technology.

Preparing for farming

1.1 plot selection

The plots of planted mulch potatoes are required to be flat, and the dry soil can be poured and simmered. The soil tillage layer is deep and loose, and the sandy loam is the best.

1.2 茬口 arrangement

Continuous cropping and crops with other Solanaceae crops such as tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant should be avoided.

1.3 Deep tillage and land preparation

The plots of mulch potato should be deep ploughed, and the general plough depth should not be shallower than 23cm. The whole land should be deep and shallow, increasing soil conservation capacity and soil permeability, and reducing weed and pest damage.

1.4 Purchase of mulch film.

The thickness of the mulch film is generally 0.006 mm and the width is 1000 mm.

2. Organizing and organizing treatment

2.1 Choose excellent varieties

Potato varieties such as Dutch 15, Dongnong 303 and Zaodabai, which are suitable for Renqiu, were selected.

2.2 Department processing

2.2.1 Sunning and cutting buds: When sprouting buds see small white buds (conditionally placed in the sun for 3 to 5 days), you can cut the buds, pick out the disease, rotten, mixed potatoes, and do Good knife disinfection (with methyl thiophanate 500 times liquid soaking knife) cut to the diseased potato must throw away the diseased potato, and then cut a piece after disinfection, try to divide the top bud into several pieces, each bud It is preferably 25 to 30 g (conditionally increased to 40 to 50 g). Small whole potatoes (20-50g) should be sun-dried and disinfected with 50% carbendazim before planting.

2.2.2 Seed soaking treatment: soak the seed potato with 50% carbendazim or 70% gram of 800 times liquid and dry it for 15 minutes.

2.3 should be planted at the right time, timely seeding refers to: soil 10 cm deep ground temperature reached 7-8 ° C when sowing. The city is around March 8.

3. Field management

3.1 timely sowing, reasonable close planting

Seeding 2 rows, small row spacing 40cm, large row spacing 120cm, rational seeding ditch, depth 15cm, bud seedlings up, plant spacing 25-30cm, then cover the soil sowing ditch, high ridge to make good drainage, ridge height 25cm, acres for seed 100-150 kg, the number of acres should reach 4,500, covering the mulch after planting.

3.2. Rational use of herbicides

Spraying was carried out with 90% acetochlor 2000 times solution and 72% dur 1500 times solution before the film was covered.

3.3 Applying the base fertilizer

Potatoes should be based on farmyard manure and supplemented by chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizers should be fully decomposed. More than 3,000 kg of organic fertilizer should be applied per mu, more than 150 kg of ash should be applied to the plant, and more than 50 kg of potassium sulphate and three elements of compound fertilizer should be applied. In the ridge, the soil is backfilled for about 3 to 5 centimeters and then placed into seed potatoes, 20% chlorpyrifos and other agents to prevent underground pests such as tigers, crickets, crickets, and golden worms. Finally cover the film. The membrane should be tightly pressed and compacted, and the principle of “strictness, tightness, flatness and width” should be mastered. The ridge surface should be pressed against a small soil to prevent wind and film.

3.4 timely rupture

After emergence, the seedlings should not be introduced immediately, so that the seedlings continue to grow in the membrane, but the wind should be released at the right time. The method of releasing the wind: use a wooden stick, wire or cigarette butt to make a small hole in the membrane next to the seedling, and then promptly introduce the seedlings to seal the pond after the final frost.

3.5 Reasonable fertilization

When the seedlings grow 15-20 cm, the top dressing is carried out, 10 kg of potassium fertilizer is added, and then the soil is cultivated with the ditch bottom to promote the rapid growth of the plant in the early stage.

3.6 Reasonable irrigation

Look at the ground water, keep the soil moist, avoid too wet or too dry. After the emergence of the seedlings, timely irrigation. The flowering period of the bud is a critical period of water demand. In this case, it is necessary to water the soil in time. After this period, watering will seriously reduce the yield and increase the proportion of deformed potatoes. I pour it every 30 days, usually it can be poured three times, and the speed irrigation can be quickly withdrawn.

3.7 Strengthening cultivating and weeding

During the growth process, timely cultivating, weeding, and soil conservation should be carried out to protect the potato roots. The potato chips are not exposed and are not injured.

3.8 timely spraying micro-fertilizer and plant growth regulator

5 to 7 days before the flowering of the potato, the potato is expanded and the high potassium fertilizer is sprayed. The acre is 10 g of water and 20 to 30 liters of water is evenly sprayed on the plant, and the yield can be increased by about 10%. If the stems and leaves are long in the rainy years, spray paclobutrazol at the flowering stage, and control the upper layer. Use 15% paclobutrazol powder 22~35g to spray 40 liters of water evenly on the plant, try not to spray on the ground. In combination with spraying insecticides and fungicides, it also sprays foliar fertilizers such as Shibao.

3.9 chemical control

The disease of potato is mainly caused by potato disease, and the disease is rapid and the damage is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate. It is found that the diseased leaves and diseased plants should be removed immediately and quickly sprayed and prevented. Insect pests are mainly caused by aphids, thrips and underground pests. The commonly used pesticides for controlling diseases include the following pesticides: 70% propidium zinc 800 times liquid, 43% tebuconazole 500 times liquid for late blight prevention, 35% imidacloprid for pest control, and 10% aphid pesticide. Spray once every 7 days, even spray 3-5 times, and use the medicine alternately.

4. Timely harvest

Most of the leaves can be harvested when they turn yellow.

The above is all the content of today, and its affordable farm network has already summarized many potato cultivation techniques for everyone. You can choose the one that suits you best.

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