About 20 years ago, Professor Bob Pilliar began looking for alternative materials for synthetic bone. At one time, plastics, metals, and ceramics were once thought to be the newest and best materials available for joint replacement, but they have a premise for the pain relief and mobility of patients, that is, these materials are not durable. Pilliar is known as the father of Canadian ceramic materials. Today, by working with two other researchers, Pilliar, an emeritus professor at the University of Toronto School of Dentistry and Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, has found the natural ingredients that can be used to make future implants. To replace the artificial knee and hip joints, his parts must be biodegradable, durable and tailored to the patient's characteristics. In the end, the researchers found an effective formula in the form of calcium phosphate. The powder is made up of the same mineral components as human bones, and it comes from a degradable biomaterial that Monsanto, a US seed giant, has abandoned. After some research, Pilliar and his colleagues believe that they have found the right compound to create a bone substitute material, after which all they need is to find the right manufacturing method. To this end, a young mechatronics engineer Mihaela Vlasea took over the task. She is a master in the field of additive manufacturing. Based on the characteristics and requirements of this material, she developed a custom 3D printer. According to Tiangong, this equipment is as large as a two-door refrigerator, which uses ultraviolet light to bond calcium phosphate powder together. Using this machine, Vlasea manufactures pipes and cavities inside the implant with tip-sized precision. To put it bluntly, this 3D printed bone implant is like an anthill, the interior of which is filled with a network of pipes for transporting nutrients, and the exit of this network is a small hole in the surface of the implant. Once implanted, the human bone cells are spread and mechanically interlocked with the bone structure. "The way we arrange the pores inside the part basically allows the natural bone to grow at different rates within the implant," she said, adding that the method can also be applied to the design of fuel cells and dental implants. Tetanus Vaccine,Hepatitis B Vaccine For Adults,Tetanus Booster,Td Vaccine FOSHAN PHARMA CO., LTD. , https://www.fs-pharma.com
Scientists have developed 3D printed materials similar to human bone components
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