How to grow high-yield fertilization in edamame cultivation How to grow edamame to maximize yield

In recent years, the area of ​​edamame in many urban and rural areas has developed rapidly. For example, Zhangwan Street Office in Caidian District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and Pupu Town, Yunmeng County, Xiaogan City, have tens of thousands of acres of edamame area, producing edamame In addition to the local market demand, most of them are sold to large and medium cities across the country. Since edamame is popular in the vegetable market and the gerani bean seeding period is very flexible, the market for edamame has a long sales period, and the area is expanding.

According to our survey of township and village groups that mainly produce edamame, the income of farmers who also grow edamame is very different. The farmer's 1 mu of edamame receives more than 2,000 yuan, and the difference is less than 1,000 yuan. Many of the reasons for the large differences are in the mistakes of sowing and fertilizing techniques.

During the sowing period, some farmers rushed to plant the same species at a single point in time. When everyone concentrated on the market, the price of each other would fall. Some farmers choose varieties that do not pay attention to the maturity period. For example, if the early-maturing varieties are delayed, the yield will be reduced.

In the application of fertilizers, some farmers think that edamame is a legume crop that can not be fertilized, resulting in malnutrition, small pods and small grains; some applied nitrogen fertilizer, nutrient growth is too prosperous, and occurs long; some planting density is too large, field shading Severe, causing the plants to fall; some of the pods encountered drought, did not water in time, can not be adjusted with water. These will inhibit the normal growth and development of edamame.

First, we must plant in stages and go public in batches. There are many varieties of edamame. If a variety of traits of the same traits are planted in one period, they will inevitably mature in a period of time, and they will be listed on the market, blocking the slow sales channels and forcing the market to decline. Therefore, according to the fertility characteristics of edamame, the method of mulching cultivation or seedling transplanting should be used to create a heat preservation environment, which is conducive to early germination of edamame.

Very early maturing varieties, seedlings can be planted in late February, 2.5~3.5 kg per mu, transplanted from late March to early April; general early maturing varieties, covered with plastic film, planted in early March, used per mu The amount is 4~5 kg; the summer sowing varieties can be directly sown in Datian from April to May, with about 7.5 kg per mu; the autumn sowing varieties are planted in the middle and late July, and harvested in mid-to-late October. The planting density per acre is 1.2 to 3 million according to the maturity and cultivation methods of different varieties.

Second, we must balance fertilization and prevent stability. No application or less application of fertilizer will inhibit the growth of edamame, showing symptoms of deficiency, leading to a large number of buds, flowers and young pods falling off quickly, 40% off the light, and more than 60% off the heavy. Partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will cause long growth, and buds, flowers, and young pods will fall off, and premature aging will occur in the later stage.

Therefore, emphasis should be placed on the application of organic fertilizers, generally 50-80 kg of commercial organic fertilizer per acre, with a high content of 30-50 kg of NPK fertilizer, or on the basis of the application of farm organic fertilizer, with phosphate fertilizer 25 Kilograms, potassium fertilizer 10~15 kg.

The topdressing was carried out in the seedling stage and the flowering stage respectively. The seedling stage was mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, and the germination stage was mainly composed of ternary compound fertilizer, and the roots were sprayed with 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01%~ 0.05% ammonium molybdate, a total of 2 to 3 times. Conditional farmers can perform topping during the initial flowering period, which can reduce the loss of shedding, increase the weight of the grain, prevent the length of the child, and regulate the supply of balanced nutrients.

Third, we must cultivate the soil and timely drain irrigation. The rhizobium of edamame is a good aerobic bacterium. The cultivating soil not only increases the oxygen content of the soil, promotes the growth and reproduction of root hair and rhizobium, but also increases the soil temperature and prevents plant lodging. Irrigation and weeding until the peas are sealed. Edamame has the habit of dry flower wet board, that is, it is suitable for drought tolerance during flowering, and requires more water during pod formation.

According to the agricultural research department, each gram of soybeans needs to absorb 1000 grams of water per gram of dry matter. In this regard, in the early stage of edamame's growth, the ditches must be carefully treated to clear the water and filter the water. Into the grouting granule period, in case of drought, it should be immediately irrigated, fertilized with water, improve the fertilizing capacity, prevent cockroach empty pods, and ensure timely harvesting of large round green beans and morning market. Senior agronomist (Yu Hongzhang), Agricultural Bureau of Xiaogan City, Hubei Province

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