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Drugs for the control of shrimp vibrio
Bacterial diseases, especially those caused by Vibrio, have been a major problem for shrimp farmers. Fortunately, farmers can use many drugs (antibiotics and antibacterial drugs) to prevent and treat infections. However, the incorrect use of drugs is not only a waste, but also causes more serious problems such as bacterial resistance and post-harvest drug residues in the shrimp. According to Paul Measures of the Continental Grain Corporation of Chicago, antibiotics used in the shrimp industry are taken from animals and even humans, but users often do not have the knowledge of how to use them properly in aquaculture. "The vast majority of bacterial infections in shrimps are secondary or random,"Measures told the journal. "Bacteria can infect shrimp when they are already weakened by stress caused by other causes. In semi-intensive farming conditions, stress conditions are often difficult to avoid, so the threat of bacterial infection is unavoidable.†Measures said that it is time to look at the current use of shrimp medicine and understand how these issues are prone to emerge. He explained that the average farmer mixes the powder and the daily feed of the shrimp by hand, sometimes applying a layer of fish oil or raw eggs as a binder to prevent it from entering the water. When the powder falls off the feed. He said: "Because many of the drugs used are water-soluble and they are only applied to the surface of the feed, they are inevitably lost in water. This method is not only ineffective, but also exceeds the necessary amount." According to Continental, analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) by SGS, an independent independent testing and certification company in the Philippines, showed that 78% of the antibiotics fed into daily feeds were lost to water. It is to take into account many of these problems and limitations, the company through its efforts to obtain the exclusive rights of antibacterial drug Sarafin in the global scope. The drug's patent rights belong to Abbott Laboratories in Chicago, USA, and Continental believes this is the first antibacterial drug developed specifically for shrimp farming. The drug is produced as a premix and supplied to feed manufacturers. The Sarafin medicated feed can be produced by incorporating shrimp feed during the crushing process. The active ingredient of Sarafin is sareloxacin hydrochloride (a quinolone), a compound that is stable to heat and water and is suitable for aquaculture and commercial production of medicinal feeds. According to the company, Sarafin is extremely effective in inhibiting gram-negative bacteria, including common pathogens such as Vibrio spp. The company also said that the drug does not only take a short course of treatment, it takes only 5 days, and it also takes only 5 days for drug withdrawal. In addition, Sarafin did not detect loss of water when it was used in water compared to the “facet†regimen. Because Sarafin's medicated feed incorporates active antibacterial ingredients during the production process, proper and consistent drug properties are ensured. "It provides the safest and most effective way for the treatment of shrimp diseases, eliminating the inconvenience and danger of hand-mixed antibiotics,"Measures said. Sarafin has been approved for use on shrimp by regulatory agencies in six countries in Asia and Latin America, including Thailand, the Philippines, and Ecuador, but can only be used as a special medicine for shrimp farmers. However, these medicinal feeds have been strictly limited to treatment, not for prevention. Continental Grain also provides support and advice to its customers on how to perform a simple bacterial analysis to determine early that shrimp has been infected with vaccination and requires medical treatment.
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