Application of Microbial Agents in Aquaculture Science

Application of Microbial Agents in Aquaculture Science

——Summary of the application of Yishuisu Aquatic Products The maturity of Zhang Lianrun’s introduction, breeding, and breeding of Zhangzhou Run’s series of technologies has prompted the aquaculture industry to develop at an astonishing rate, bringing with it tremendous economic benefits. However, problems such as water environment pollution, poor quality of aquatic products, and excessive cropping standards have also become increasingly prominent. With the pollution of the aquatic environment, offshore fisheries and aquaculture have suffered heavy losses. Especially after China's accession to the WTO, the so-called "green barriers" and "technical barriers" have brought a severe blow to China's export of aquatic products and even exports of other animal-originated products. People today are pursuing “green food” and “healthy consumption”. The production of pollution-free aquatic products and the development of green ecological farming have become the goal of the majority of aquatic product workers. For this purpose, the Qingxian Wang Matter Feed Factory and the Zhangzhou Fisheries Research Institute cooperated with each other to make full use of their technological advantages. In six years, they used experts from Qingdao Ocean University, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ocean Institute, and Shandong Mariculture Research Institute. Based on technical support, the professor introduced foreign fine microbial strains and high-tech biotechnologies and developed a special micro-ecological live aquatic product for aquatic products—PRO-NICECLEAN—using special fermentation processes. The main components of the product are composed of a variety of beneficial beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas palustris, sulfurized bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, and the total number of live bacteria is higher than 8.0109/g. Applicable to all kinds of sea freshwater aquaculture. It is safe and non-toxic to aquatic animals and has no adverse impact on the quality of aquatic products. The product can effectively decompose the organic wastes in the water and the bottom of the pool, reducing ammonia nitrogen, nitroso nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and so on. The main process for eliminating amines in water is divided into two phases. The first stage: nitrification is the conversion of amines to nitrates; the second stage: degradation of nitrification, ie the conversion of nitrates to nitrogen, is volatilized in the atmosphere, and can digest the bottom sludge, improve the anaerobic environment at the bottom of the pond, and inhibit the aquaculture ponds. The harmful algae overproduce in order to maintain the ecological balance of the farming environment. The product has been approved by a large number of farms and households since it was put on the market from 2001 to 2002. It has now been sold to seven provinces (cities) in Hainan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin and Liaoning. It has been applied in various waters and waters, and the area has reached more than 80,000 acres. Hebei Province alone has reached more than 20,000 acres. At the same time, we have launched the application of 80,000 km of expert experts on the application of probiotics in seawater, freshwater, brackish water, domestic sewage and other waters and different water quality in aquaculture and seawater planting. Understanding and mastering the application situation and accumulating relevant data are as follows. I. Application of marine aquaculture Pilot I: Donghe Village, Dongying District, Lingshan Town, Qiongshan City, Hainan Province. It covers an area of ​​4 mu and has a water depth of 1.4 meters. The cultured species is Penaeus praecox (grass and shrimp). A total of 500,000 tails were stocked, with an average of 125,000 tails per acre and stocked for more than 80 days. Prior to the use of Yihui, on October 28th, the water quality of the pool is as follows: ammonia nitrogen 0.6-0.9mg/L, nitrite 0.1-0.15mg/L, PH value 8.2-8.4, salinity about 20‰, water temperature 26°C . 15 days ago used dibromohydantoin, a large number of algae died, the water color is dark red, water quality is turbid, more suspended particles, the transparency is less than 20cm. October 28, 2002, at 5 o'clock in the afternoon. After using 10 packages of water for 10kg, the water began to turn green on the first day on the 29th, and it was sunny on the 29th and 30th, and it rained overnight on the 30th. After the sunny day; on the fourth day, November 1, the ammonia nitrogen is reduced to 0.4-0.6mg/L, the nitrite is reduced to 0.05-0.1mg/L, the PH value is 8.2-8.4, the transparency is 30-40cm, and the water color is dark green. The refreshing water surface was shiny; on the sixth day, November 3, the ammonia nitrogen was reduced to 0.4 mg/L, the nitrite was reduced to 0.05 mg/L, the pH value was 8.4-8.6, and the water color was stable. Pilot II: Advance shrimp farm in Datang Village, Wengtian Town, Wenchang City, Hainan Province, with a test area of ​​6.0 mu, a water depth of 1.4 meters and a stocking density of 120,000 tails/mu. It has been stocked for 66 days, and its size is 7.0 cm. The control pool has the same conditions. The water quality conditions of the first two pools were also the same: the ammonia nitrogen 1.2mg/L or more, the nitrite 0.05-0.1mg/L, the PH value 8.2, the water temperature 25°C, the salinity 18 ‰, the water color dark red, the water quality turbid, transparency Small, disinfected seven days ago. At 7:00 PM on October 29, 2002, the test pool used 15 kg (2.5 kg/mu) of water for the water, and the water quality was measured three days later on the afternoon of November 2. The ammonia concentration in the test pool was 0.6-0.9 mg/L, and the nitrite was 0.05-0.1. Mg/L, PH value 8.2-8.4, water color green, fresh water, shiny, transparency 30cm. The control pool ammonia nitrogen 1.2mg/L, nitrite 0.25-0.3mg/L, PH value 8.2, water color rich green, many suspended particles, more turbid. Pilot III: Gadding farm in Wengtian Town, Wenchang City, Hainan Province, with an area of ​​5 mu and a water depth of 1.5 meters. The cultured species is Penaeus vannamei and has been stocked for 80 days. Before the test, ammonia nitrogen was 0.6-0.9 mg/L, nitrite 1.6 mg/L, salinity 18 ‰, and water temperature 26°C. The water color was dark green, the water quality was turbid, the transparency was small, and the algae died a lot. Use Hypocricein 20kg at 9am on November 1 and soak for 12 hours before use. On November 3, the water quality tested was 0.4mg/L ammonia and 0.6mg/L nitrite. Pilot 4: Fu Degang, Lizizi Village, Yangjiabo Town, Hangu District, Tianjin City, raising 3.5 mu of Oriental shrimps, stocking 400,000 fish, decreasing feed intake on June 15th, testing water quality on the 17th, PH8.8, ammonia nitrogen greater than 1.5 mg / L, nitrite is greater than 0.30mg/L, the same day at 3:30 pm, Quanchiposa Yixing water 8.5kg card, an average of 2.43kg per mu, retest water quality at 5:30 pm on the 18th, PH value of 8.2, Ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.2mg/L, and nitrite 0.01mg/L. At that time, the temperature was 34°C. After turning on Yishuisu, the aerator was turned on day and night. After 26 hours, it was degraded to a safe value. The shrimps all resumed normal feed intake. Summing up: The eutrophic water is used in marine aquaculture and has the following effects in regulating water quality: 1. The water is dark red, black and other water bodies. After 24 hours of appropriate water-injection of beneficial water, it can quickly turn into the desired green of shrimp farming. water. 2. Soaking and aeration for more than 6 hours, the effect of water-soluble water degradation of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is more obvious. 3. It has been proved by experiments that the degradation of ammonia-nitrogen and nitrite are effective, and the effect of degrading nitrite is even more pronounced.Second, the application of domestic sewage-breeding industry Renmin County, Jiangzhuangzi Village, Ji County, Hebei Province In the process of using domestic sewage for fish breeding, fish farms conducted trials for the application of water susceptibility in fish farming and shrimp farming as follows: (1) Domestic sewage shrimp farming: 1.1 mu of aquaculture area, Qingchi water intake at the end of April 2002, The depth of water is 60cm, and the water is exposed for 20 days after entering the water, then 1.0kg per acre of Shiyihuisu, and 10 days later, on May 24th, about 30000 tails of Penaeus vannamei seedlings are stocked at a length of 1.0cm. The water quality was not fed before. When the length of the shrimp reaches 3.0cm in mid-June, the squid opening feed (because there is no special feed for white shrimp on the culture surface) and water is added. By mid-August, when the water depth reaches 1.5m and the shrimp size reaches 8cm, Starting out of the pool, until September 20, the output reached 120kg/mu, and the maximum size was 14cm.The specific time of Shijinhui 1.0kg every 15 days was as follows: 1.0kg on June 10, 1.0kg on June 25, July 1.0kg on the 10th, 1.0kg on the 25th of July, August 10th 1.0kg.Applied a total of 5.0kg of beneficial water during the whole breeding period.Without any disinfection measures, the use of domestic sewage in the breeding of Penaeus vannamei was successful with domestic sewage. Mu is an old pond with a history of 20 years. Before the seedlings were released, the pond water for the previous year was the fish culture water left in the previous year (the water source was domestic sewage). Before the seedlings were planted with water, the clear pond was used to produce 100 kg of lime per mu. Shiyi Shuisu 1.0kg, three days later, the seedlings were released, and the main species were carp, a small amount of grass carp, carp, and stocking specifications of 7 tails/kg.On March 20th, they were stocked and fed with special feed for Jindou brand carp, insisting on applying every 10 days. Yishuisu 1.0kg, another 5.0kg per acre when adding water, 600kg per acre by the end of September, a total of 60kg of Shiyihuisu, an average of 5.0kg per acre, no disease occurred during the whole breeding period, and no disinfection was taken There have been no floating heads in the measures, and it has been confirmed by tests that: After domestic sewage has been disinfected with clear ponds, it will be regularly used during the whole cultivation period to generate water-producing beneficial elements, and green ecological breeding will become a reality. Fresh water pollution-free ecological breeding of shrimps In 2002, we carried out a comparative test on the freshwater aquaculture of Penaeus vannamei during the freshwater culture of Penaeus vannamei. The test materials were as follows: 1. Test pool: Location: Hangu Farm The pond area is 80 mu, with 20 ponds, 4 mu each, 1.5 meters depth, 3 control ponds, 13 mu in total, and the other conditions and test pool are the same.2. Microbial preparation: We have chosen Zhangzhou Aquatic Products. The research institute and the Qingxian County Meal Feed Plant developed the Fushui brand water supply.3.Water source: The underground well water (the same well water that the fish had saved before last year) had a water salinity of about 3.0‰. 4. Seedlings: The source of Huangqi nursery and Hanfu nursery. Specifications 1.2-1.5cm 5, bait: Huixin company's special feed for white shrimp. 6. Machinery: A 3.0kw aerator per 4.0 mu pool. (II) Test contents 1. Preparation before stocking: Use 10kg of bleaching powder to thoroughly clear the pond every 667m2 before stocking, and then fill the water with 60-70cm (fishing water retained in the previous year), and filter it with a 60-mesh sieve while entering the water. . After applying water, 5 kg of calcium phosphate was applied per 667 m2, and 1.0 kg of urea was used for fertilizer and water. Three days prior to release of seedlings, 0.75 kg per acre of Shiyihui (without applying water in the control pond) was released and the seedlings were released three days later. 2, stocking situation: From May 29 to June 23, the end of the density of 80-1200 million per mu (counting at the time of purchase). 3. Management: 3.1 Feeding: Feeding starts on June 20th. The amount of feeding and the number of feedings will be determined according to the season, water temperature, and the individual's growth. Usually 2-3 times per day, the principle is the pool. Observe that there is a very small amount of leftover bait for your reference. 3.2 Daily management: Each pool is filled with water once every 10 days, once with a 3-inch pump for water injection, the depth of each pool is maintained at a depth of about 1.5m, and the normally open aerator is maintained in summer. During this period, the power is cut off once due to special conditions. Calcium is used to increase oxygen. 3.3 Disease Prevention and Water Quality Regulation: The test pool is regularly administered with water replenishment at a rate of 3-8 kg per pond at intervals of 10-15 days. The amount and period of use depend on the temperature of the water and the quality of water corruption. Take 16# as an example. Apply 0.75kg per 667m2 on June 30th, 0.75kg per mu on July 14 and 1.25kg on July 24th. On August 8th, 1.5kg per mu, on August 20th, 2kg per mu, on September 30th, 0.75kg per mu. In the meantime, we performed two tests on the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the experimental pool. One time was before the release of the seedlings, ie, before the application of Yixinghui on June 13th, the NH3-N was 0.3 mg/L and the NO2- was 0.01 mg/L. On the 14th of June, NH3-N dropped to 0.1 mg/L on June 14 and NO2-decreased (not detected). On the other hand, on July 24, before administration, NH3-N was 1.2 mg/L, and NO2 was 0.15 mg/L. 24 hours after administration, the NH-N was reduced to 0.3 mg/L and NO2 was reduced to 0.01. Mg/L. The control ponds were sterilized once every 15 days using a conventional culture method, and commercially available disinfecting drugs such as Yukang, dichlorine, trichlorin, and chlorine trioxide were used. (3) Test results: 1. Output: The average yield of the test pool is 440kg, of which the highest yield is 4# ponds, and the yield is 638.5kg. The lowest output is 24# ponds and 384kg per mu. Achieve 765kg). The control ponds have an average yield of 357.7kg per mu. The highest per mu yield is 495kg for No. 5 ponds and the lowest per mu for 337.5kg for No. 6 ponds. 2. Feed input: The test ponds were fed a total of 110,880 kg of bait, the average bait coefficient was 1.27, the control pond was fed with 8000 kg bait, and the average bait coefficient was 1.728. 3, management input: test pool average of 8.5kg per mu water use, per acre fee plus a total of 170 yuan before the clear pond medication. Control pool shared drug costs 10,000 yuan, an average cost of 769 yuan per mu. Analysis and discussion: 1. The average yield of ponds using water-reducing hormone was 43.23 kg, an increase of 10%, compared with the average pond. The feed coefficient decreased by 0.45, a decrease of 26.6%, while saving 599 yuan per mu. 2. The gushing water-producing water used in our experiment has a significant effect on reducing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite. 3. The test pool did not use any disinfection measures during the whole culture process and no disease occurred. It shows that the gushing water benefit water not only improves water quality, but also prevents diseases. 4. The mechanism for the suppression of the reproduction of harmful bacteria and the maintenance of the microecological balance of the water body by the flood-producing beneficial water element needs further study. 5. Since we do not have the means of detection, the quality of aquatic products produced using microbial preparations needs quality certification. But from the sense of watching the prawns vitality, bright colors, good gloss, good quality. IV. Application of Yishuisu in brackish water for shrimp cultivation Pilot: Maoji Livestock and Aquaculture Farm in Huangpi City, an area of ​​60 mu, with a total of 4 ponds, of which 1 pond is 5 acres, and the remaining three ponds are 18 acres. . The source of the water is the shallow groundwater in the saline-alkaline drainage ditch. The water depth before stocking is 60-80cm, and the salinity is 14.3‰ in the #1 pool, 14.3‰ in the #2 pool, 17.0‰ in the #3 pool, and 15.6‰ in the #4 pool. The ten days before stocking are May 23 disinfection with quicklime, 1# pool 250kg, 2# pool 600kg, 3# pool 500kg, 4# pool 600kg. In the four days before stocking, the improving agent was applied on May 29th. There were 250kg in the 1# pool, 850kg in the 2# pool, 750kg in the 3# pool, and 800kg in the 4# pool. Stocking situation: On June 3, pool 1# put 255,000 (51,000 tail/mu), 2# pool 820,000 (45,000 tail/mu), 3# pond put 765,000 (4.2 million tail/mu), and 4# The pool is 816,000 (45,000/mu), and the source of the seed is from the fishing ditch nursery in Huanghua City. Content: 7 days after stocking on June 11th, each pond began to feed bait. On July 9th, Shiyihuisu was 25.5kg, with an average of 0.3kg per acre. The nitrite content of each pool before application was: 1# pool 0.005 mg/L, 2# pool, .002mg/L, 3# pool, 0.005mg/L, 4# pool, 0.005mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen, 0.2mg/L. The ammonia nitrogen in each pool was less than 0.2mg/L and nitrite was 0.001mg/L six days after application; on the 17th of July, the ammonia nitrogen was 1.2mg/L, the nitrite was 0.2mg/L, and the application of water was 5.0kg ( Average 1.0kg per acre), two days later, on July 19, the ammonia nitrogen dropped to 0.2mg/L, and the nitrite decreased to 0.01mg/L; on July 21th, the ammonia nitrogen in the drainage channel was 1.2mg/L, and the nitrite 0.2mg. / L, Shiyihuisu 8.0kg (average 1.5kg per mu), three days later, on July 24th, ammonia nitrogen is 0.2mg/L, nitrite is 0.001mg/L; on August 2nd, the ammonia nitrogen of each pool is 0.3- 1.5mg/L, nitrite are all above 0.2mg/L, Shiyihuisu 1# pond is 4.0kg (average 0.8kg per mu), 2#, 3# pond is 10.0kg (average 0.55kg per mu), 4# Pool pond 11.0kg (average 0.65kg per acre), heavy rain on August 3, the pool water, salinity dropped significantly, the pool is 1 # pool 8.0 ‰, 2 9.1 ‰, 3 # pool 6.5 ‰ , 4 # pool 7.8 ‰, the water quality was clearly clear. The ammonia nitrogen in each pool was less than 0.2 mg/L, nitrite was less than 0.005 mg/L, and dissolved oxygen was 6.0 mg/L. Although Shi Hui Shui has been twice since then, the effect of Hydogen has been certified to have a significant effect on reducing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite. Fifth, the surge of licensing benefits water freshwater shrimp farming applications Beijing Wanfa feed mill is a professional compound premix production plant for the production of aquatic premixes. In the after-sales service encountered a problem. Since 2002, after entering June, more rainy weather, aquaculture water, dissolved oxygen is low, water nitrification can not be completed in an orderly manner. The common nitrites and ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture waters are highly polluted, which seriously endangers the healthy development of the aquaculture industry. At that time, many methods have not been used to achieve satisfactory results. However, after the use of glaciation water benefit hormones, nitrites and ammonia nitrogen have been degraded. The fish and shrimps resume normal growth. Now the use situation is described as follows: Example 1: Liu boss of Daan Gezhuangcun, Fangezhuang Township, Guzhi District, Tangshan City, raising 11 mu of carp, reduced the amount of fish eaten at the beginning of July, and the water was dark brown. The water quality was thin and lack of oxygen. On July 2nd, local aquatic technicians used the Beijing University Mingde box to test the water quality. Nitrite was more than 0.30mg/L ammonia nitrogen was more than 1.5mg/L. 12 points per acre surface 1.5kg Quanchiposa, July 3 local technicians retest water quality, nitrite reduced to 0.25mg/L, ammonia nitrogen fell to 0.6mg/L, July 5, our plant chief engineer on-site test Water quality, nitrous acid dropped to 0.01mg/L, ammonia nitrogen dropped to 0.3mg/L, all fish returned to normal feed, the water became dark green. Example 2: Liu boss of Yangjiapo Town, Yangjiabo Town, Hangu District, Tianjin City, raising 11 mu of carp. On June 10, the water color changed and the side of the fish was found, and some carp died. The carp did not eat on the 12th. The water quality test PH9.2, ammonia nitrogen 1.2mg/L, nitrite greater than 0.30mg/L, the day Quanchiposa Yixing water flooding 10kg, the average mu 0.9kg, the 14th death stopped, the fish began to restore the material, 19 Daily retesting, the fish eaten all normal, tested water quality PH8.8, ammonia nitrogen 0.01mg/L, nitrite 0.005mg/L. Example 3: Sun boss of Yangjiao Town, Yangjiabo Town, Hangu District, Tianjin City, raising 12 mu of grass carp. On June 13th, fish was found not to eat and had dead fish. The water quality test on the same day was PH8.9 and ammonia nitrogen was 0.6 mg/L. Nitrite was greater than 0.30mg/L. On the 15th, Quanchiposa was used to flood 20kg of water-reducing bacteria, with an average mu of 1.66kg, water quality of retested PH8.2 on the 18th, ammonia nitrogen 0.3mg/L, and nitrite 0.001mg/L. All the ingredients are normal. Example 4: Zhang Zhiyi of Pinggu District of Beijing raised 200 acres of white shrimp, and on September 3, shrimp activity was found to be weakened and the amount of feedstuffs was reduced. The water quality was tested, ammonia nitrogen was 0.6 mg/L, nitrite was 0.25 mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen was splashed down. "Soul" and other effects were poor. On the 7th, they visited the Ma Zongxu shrimp farm at Hangu Farm and learned to bring back two boxes of mellow water, 4kg per acre and 1.5kg per pool. The water quality on the 9th was tested for ammonia nitrogen 0.2mg/ L, nitrite 0.01mg / L, shrimp eat all the food is normal, the water becomes yellowish green. As many of the above examples, such as Caozili Township, Wuqing District, Tianjin, the boss raised the main carp, water quality: ammonia nitrogen, nitrite double high, fish floating head, stay up late to open aerator and death, on August 20 with beneficial water per acre After 2kg of water splashed on the surface of the pool, fish was eaten for three days, saving the critical situation of the whole fish rejuvenation. In summary, the gushing water is an effective microbial preparation for degrading ammonia nitrogen and nitrite. Hydogen is: "Change water invisible, prevent disease before it." Sixth, the scientific use of microbial preparations In the past two years, from the Liaodong Peninsula, Jiaodong Peninsula, Hainan Island and other regions, Yishuisu has achieved more than 80,000 mu of water quality in different waters, and fish farming and fish farming have been promoted and applied. The effects of degrading ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, digesting sludge, improving the bottom anaerobic environment, preventing the production of hydrogen sulfide, and establishing aquaculture water ecological balance are significant. However, the more scientific use of gushing water is not only effective but also reduces production costs. For example, ammonia and nitrogen in the inland areas of sea and fresh water are within the range of 0.6 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L of nitrite, and are not immersed before use. Generally, 24 hours after use, the water will die from algae floating up. . Yellow keeper of Jiading farm in Wenchang City, Hainan Province, soaked in pond water for 12 hours and sputtered for 4 hours. Large amounts of dead algae floated. In the 4th pond, the ammonia nitrogen decreased from 0.6 mg/L to 0.4 mg/L. The salt dropped from 1.6mg/L to 0.8mg/L, and the water changed from dark red water to green, bright and cool water. The pond is 1.5 meters deep and white shrimp is marked with 120,000 tails per mu. With 4kg of water for every mu, ammonia nitrogen dropped to 0.2mg/L after 3 days, and nitrite dropped to 0.05mg/L. From the practice, it is seen that the amount of use is too large, and No. 1 pond has a water depth of 1.5 meters, with 1.1 million tails per acre, ammonia 0.15 mg/L on December 5, and nitrite 1.2 mg/L. The temperature turned cold and the water was soaked in pond water for 15 hours. It was evenly splashed in the pond at 12 o'clock on the sunny day. At 14:00 on December 6th, ammonia nitrogen was 0.15mg/L, nitrite was reduced to 0.6mg/L, and by 14:00 on February 7th, ammonia nitrogen was 0.15mg/L, and nitrous acid was reduced to 0.3mg/L within 5 days. Nitrite was reduced below 0.05mg/L and no dead shrimp was found. After the practice in many regions, scientific application of microbial agents must pay attention to the following points: 1. To select sunny days without wind, the water temperature must be stable above 15°C. 2, before using the culture pond water to soak for more than 6 hours, it is best to aerate when soaking, low temperature soaking time can be appropriately extended. 3, be sure to confirm the breeding water disinfection drugs have expired, before using water. According to the residual period of different drugs, live bacteria preparations are generally used after 7 days of disinfection. 4, Quanchiposa must be uniform. High-density breeding ponds must stay up late to open aerators. The first is to increase oxygen, the second to promote a more uniform concentration of viable bacteria, and to float the suspended algae and other suspended matter to the edge of the pond for removal. 5, according to the depth of water in the culture pond and the degree of deterioration of water quality, determine the amount of use. At least the effect is poor, and many are wasted. Normal use of 1000 cubic meters of water, the first 1 kg every two weeks after the make up 0.5 kg, special use of 1000 cubic meters of water 1.5-3 kg, the amount of large and no toxic side effects. 6, if the continuous cloudy, no rain or light rain, water quality is serious, ammonia, nitrite can also be degraded, but the effect is poor, the water color change is slow, but can detoxify. 7, the emergence of Yishuisu use two days after the water quality is too transparent, can be used potassium dihydrogen phosphate or calcium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer water. Dosage: water depth m/mu 1-1.5kg evenly spilled (such as water can be added to a small amount of urea), fertilizer and water effect is better. The water irrigating water is effective in purifying water quality. However, it is not a panacea. For parasites of aquatic animals, protozoa in water bodies are over-produced, and when they hinder the normal growth of aquatic animals, they still need relevant drug treatment, and comprehensive control measures must be taken. It is necessary to bring into play the function of self-purification and balance of water energy, and to supplement the benefits of viable living bacteria to maintain the ecological balance of the water environment. Explore ecological farming techniques, protect the water environment, and work hard for sustainable and healthy development of aquatic products.

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