Autumn and winter management techniques after harvesting winter jujube

The technical management of winter jujube after picking is often overlooked by jujube farmers. Although the vegetative growth of the tree has stopped at this stage, the photosynthetic activity of the leaves has continued, and the photosynthate has been continuously transported to the roots, branches, stems and other organs for storage, accumulating nutrients for the trees, and enhancing the ability to resist cold.

Therefore, the post-harvest management of Dongzao tree occupies an important position in its annual management. Grasping cultivation management during this period can lay a foundation for high yields and high quality in the coming year, and play a multiplier role.

1, soil fertilizer management

Deep-turning to improve soil

After deep-sweeping the soil after picking, it can not only improve the physical and chemical structure of the soil, but also promote the deep and deep rooting of the tree roots, enhance the robust growth of the tree, and can plow the leaves, fallen fruits, weeds, etc. under the trees in the garden into the soil. As fertilizer. Jujube garden deep turning can generally be combined with autumn basal fertilizer, and the plough depth is preferably 20~25cm.

Autumn base fertilizer

After the autumn harvest, timely fertilization should be conducted. The base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, and according to the fertility of the soil, appropriate amount of available fertilizer, especially phosphate fertilizer, should be added. Fertilization can be carried out at the same time as ploughing, and the contact surface between the fertilizer and the root system should be maximized to prevent the fertilizer from being excessively concentrated and malabsorption, or root burning.

The fertilization method can be combined with tiller application, annular furrow application, or radial furrow application. A deep ditch with a depth of 40 cm and a width of 60 cm can be dug around the canopy, and the basal fertilizer and composite fertilizer can be mixed into the ditch and filled with soil.

The adult big trees each have about 50kg of base fertilizer, 1kg of compound fertilizer, and each small tree of 10 years or less has 25kg of base fertilizer and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer.

Irrigation

After the fertilization, it should be irrigated in time, and after the irrigation, it should be protected and ensured to ensure safe wintering.

2, autumn and winter clear garden

Cut off pests and branches

The overwintering sites of pests and diseases are mainly in the branches and trunks of the trees and in the cracks in the rough skin. Therefore, it is necessary to promptly cut off the dead and dead branches of the trees, scrape the old skin, pick up the underground berries, remove the underground weeds, and burn them centrally. Deep burial, eradicating overwintering diseases such as rust, jujube, rot, etc., of overwintering eggs, such as green-lipped stink bugs, red spiders, and remains in litter.

Insecticide and bactericidal treatment

Diseases and insect pests are easy to overwinter in underground weeds, fallen leaves, fallen fruit, and shallow surface soil. Therefore, after the jujube tree deciduous, in addition to the whole tree pulverized coal sulfur compound, but also in the tree under the ground spray fungicide, such as carbendazim, thiophanate methyl and other. When spraying, sprinkle with the ground around the trees, weeds and protective forest. Through insecticidal and bactericidal treatments, the number of worms is further reduced. As the autumn and winter period, the tree has fallen, the medication is not easy to cause phytotoxicity, at this time the drug concentration can be increased in moderation.

The trunk is painted white or tied with grass

After the jujube is defoliated, white coating is applied to the bases of the trunks and branches to prevent cold. At the same time, it can also treat wintering turtles such as turtle parasites. In the spring of next year, the grass handle will be dismantled and burned, which will eliminate a large number of overwintering pests and eggs parasitizing in the grass handle.

3, pruning

By pruning, cultivating and adjusting the structure of the tree, rational layout and improved light conditions. For over dense branches and cross branches and overlapping branches, they should be completely removed to maintain the ventilation and light transmission within the crown. For the old branches and leggy branches, they can be cut off or retracted from the base of the main branches to promote the emergence of new branches. Autumn and winter is an effective period to cultivate winter jujube tree potential, accumulate nutrients, and scientifically control pests and diseases.

A series of autumn and winter management techniques, such as deep-turning soil, autumn basal fertilizer, irrigation and soil conservation, autumn and winter clearing and pruning, will lay a solid foundation for the high quality of winter jujube in the coming year.

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