Shaanxi is a famous apple production province in China. The apple-based fruit industry is one of the six pillar industries in Shaanxi. However, during the flowering and pollination period of apples, due to the concentrated flowering period and short time, fruit farmers who grow apples have a larger area All need to hire people to artificially pollinate apple blossoms. So, is there a better way to replace artificial pollination and improve and guarantee apple yield and quality? Recently, the reporter interviewed Ma Zhifeng, a professor and miscellaneous fruit expert of Yangling Vocational and Technical College. Ma Zhifeng said that the size and shape of apples will vary greatly depending on the climate during flowering, but mainly due to pollination during flowering. From April to May each year, normal apple fruit has 5 ventricles and 2 seeds per ventricle. During the fruit development process, the seed secretes hormones to stimulate the flesh growth. If the pollination and fertilization are good, the apple is full, the fruit shape is right, and the flesh is plump; on the contrary, if the seed is underdeveloped or without seeds, the flesh is severely dented and the deformed fruit is formed. Not only will the yield be reduced, but the quality of the fruit will also be greatly reduced, causing immeasurable economic losses to the majority of farmers. In order to ensure the quality of apple production, the best solution for pollination is to use wall bee pollination technology. Compared with other pollinating insects, wall bees have natural survival, strong fertility, mild temperament, no feeding, and relatively low cost. In addition, wall bees have early spring activities, fast pollination speed, and good pollination effects, which can improve fruit set rate and commodity rate. To increase orchard benefits. Wall bee is an excellent pollinating insect, its pollination efficiency is more than 100 times that of bees, and it is very suitable for pollination of apple, pear, peach, plum, apricot, big cherry and other fruit trees. It can greatly increase fruit set rate and commodity rate. Increasing the output of fruits and increasing income for the majority of growers. Subsequently, regarding the pollination technology of fruit tree wall bees, Ma Zhifeng proposed the following management methods. A few rapeseed wall bees planted in the orchard are released 4-5 days before flowering. In order to prevent early cocoon wall bees from escaping because there are no flowers around, it is recommended to plant a small amount of rapeseed in the orchard, and dozens of rapeseeds per acre of fruit tree can be used. Make nest tubes or use paper or reed tubes to make wall honeycomb tubes. The length is about 20 cm and the inner diameter is 0.6-0.8 cm. The section of the tube must be left sectioned and the cut must be smooth. The paper tube is rolled with waste printing paper, books and newspapers, and the wall thickness is 0.1-0.12 cm, one end of the pipe mouth shall be blocked with yellow mud, and 50 bundles of prepared nested pipes will be used for backup. The wall bee is released when the center flower of the apple is opened to 3% -5% (the wall bee is released about 45 days before the fruit tree blooms). After the wall bee cocoon is taken out from the low temperature environment, it takes 3-5 days (5-12 ℃) the process of environmental adaptation, one after another to emerge from the cocoon. In the initial fruit period, 200 cocoons were placed in the orchard, and in the fruit period, 300 wall bees were placed per acre. Recycling and storage of nest tubes The nest tubes were retrieved from the field about 20 days after flowering. Pick out the sealed tube of the wall beehive nest, put it in a gauze bag, and hang it in a ventilated, dry, clean room. In February of the following year, the cocoons were removed from the tube and continued to be used. Ma Zhifeng finally emphasized that the wall bee mainly moves within 60 meters around the hive and does not fly far, basically released from home. Generally, 200-300 wall bees are released per acre of orchard, and about 1,000 wall bees are released from fruit trees in the greenhouse. An investment of about 200 yuan per acre orchard can ensure that the fruit tree satisfies a sufficient amount of fruit. The multiplication ratio is multiplied, and the wall bee introduced once can be used for a long time. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If third party legal rights are involved, please inform this website to deal with them. phone Thread Lift,Medical Sharp Cannula Thread,Cosmetic Suture Thread,Disposable Thread Lift,PDO Material Thread Changzhou Timerein Biotechnology Co. , Ltd. , https://www.timereinbiotech.com
The introduction and storage of wall bees must be introduced before mid-March, and the cocoons should be wrapped in paper and placed in the refrigerator freezer for temporary storage.
A simple nest box made of a wooden box or an old cardboard box is placed every 40 meters in the orchard, with the mouth of the box facing southeast and covered with plastic cloth. Put the nest tube according to the ratio of one bee and three tubes. Put the cocoons in a wide flat flat small carton, and poke several holes with a diameter of 0.7 cm around the box on the nest tube. Immediately after placing the wall bee, a pit with a diameter of about 50 cm was digged within one meter in front of the nest box. After placing plastic paper on it, the soil was poured into the water to make a small pit. When wall bees reproduce in the nest tube, they need to be sealed with wet soil. The only management during bee release is to pour a small amount of water into the mud pit every day to keep the soil in the mud pit moist to ensure that the wall bee can collect mud normally.
Why apples on a tree vary in size and shape
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