Drug modification also has a "butterfly effect"

Drug modification also has a "butterfly effect"

Drug modification also has a "butterfly effect"

April 16, 2019 Source: China Science and Technology News

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Recently, Xu Yuquan, a researcher at the Institute of Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and a team of professors from the University of Arizona, Istvan Molnar, have made breakthroughs in the rational design and structural modification of fungal oxygen methyltransferases. Developed a technology capable of directional modification of oxymethylated biocatalytic components, which has broad application prospects in drug development and activity improvement, and contributes to the realization of drug biosynthesis and targeted quality improvement. The relevant research results are published online in the American Chemical Society.

Medicines, pesticides, food additives, etc. are all common drug molecules in life and production. The molecular structure of drugs determines their physical and chemical properties and pharmacological activities. Studies have found that changes in a group of small molecule drugs, such as methylation at different sites, are like butterflies flapping their wings, causing dramatic changes in drug activity. Compared with chemical synthesis methods, enzyme-based biocatalysis technology has the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, energy saving, and selectivity. Therefore, to analyze the mechanism of the "butterfly effect" of drug structure changes and to master this transformation technology, it has important application prospects for drug creation and directional modification of drug molecules.

In this study, two fungal oxygen methyltransferases, LtOMT and HsOMT, were used as the research object, and the molecular mechanism of the difference between the two at the catalytic sites was analyzed by means of protein homology modeling. Subsequently, the structure of LtOMT was rationally designed and rationalized by means of peptide fragment exchange and Amino Acid site-directed mutagenesis, and the catalytic sites were reshaped. A technique for directional modification of oxygen-methylated biocatalytic elements was successfully developed. The modified LtOMT was used to modify the oxygen methylation modification method on various polyphenolic drug lead compounds, which improved the physical and chemical properties of these small molecules.

Xu Yuquan said that based on multi-omics and big data resources, a large number of biocatalytic components can be excavated, and rational design of these components using synthetic biology techniques is a new technical route to optimize the structure of drug lead compounds. This has become one of the development directions of new drug development . (Li Chen Cai Jingjing Wang Chen)

Related paper information: DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12967

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