What is water and fertilizer integration? Why develop water and fertilizer integration?

What is the integration of water and fertilizer? It is a modern agricultural new technology that first dissolves the fertilizer with water, then adds the pipe irrigation system, and transports the fertilizer to the root of the crop while irrigating, and timely meets the demand for water and fertilizer of the crop. In layman's terms, water and fertilizer integration is where the root of the crop is, where the pipeline is passed, where water and fertilizer are sent.

Water and fertilizer integration has achieved seven transformations: channel water transport to pipeline water transport; passive irrigation to active irrigation; watering to crops; soil fertilization to crop fertilization; water and fertilizer separately to water and fertilizer integration; single management to comprehensive Management transformation; traditional agriculture has transformed into modern agriculture.

Therefore, some experts pointed out that water and fertilizer integration is a major technology for the development of modern agriculture, and it is also the "No. 1 technology" for building resource-saving and environment-friendly modern agriculture. It can be called "the revolution of agricultural production methods."

Why develop water and fertilizer integration?

First, it is conducive to accelerating the transformation of agricultural development. Statistics show that China uses 9% of cultivated land and 6% of freshwater resources to produce 26% of the world's agricultural products. The water production efficiency of major food crops is only half of that of developed countries. China's water shortage is more severe than the lack of land. The national fertilizer consumption ranks first in the world, and the utilization rate is lower than that of developed countries by more than 20%. It is inefficient, high-consumption and wasteful. The application of water and fertilizer integration can save more than 40% of water and increase fertilizer utilization by more than 20%.

Second, it is conducive to improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity. The application of water and fertilizer integration not only satisfies the water demand of crops, but also provides comprehensive and efficient nutrients, which greatly increases the yield.

Third, it is conducive to improving the ability of agriculture to resist drought and reduce disasters. The annual drought occurrence area in China is 300 million to 400 million mu, and the disaster is more than 200 million mu. The harvest is nearly 50 million mu, and the grain loss is 50 billion kilograms due to drought. The application of water and fertilizer integration can save 40% of water, and the existing irrigation water can expand the irrigation area by 300 million to 400 million mu.

Fourth, it is conducive to the development of modern agriculture. The development of water and fertilizer integration provides conditions for large-scale agricultural operation; irrigation and fertilization are uniform, consistent in appearance, good in commodity; easy to equip with sensing and control equipment, realize automatic management of information; and greatly improve water, fertilizer, land and labor efficiency.

Fifth, it is conducive to agricultural ecological security. The soil wetting ratio is only 60%, the disease is reduced by more than 30%, and the pesticide dosage is reduced by more than 25%. Less pesticides and safer; water and fertilizer are concentrated in the root layer of the crop to avoid deep leakage, ecological and environmentally friendly.

The sixth is to make the farmers easy and decent work, instead of “facing the yellow earth back to the sky” like traditional agricultural operations.

What effect does water and fertilizer integration have on fertilization?

According to the basic requirements of water and fertilizer integration, new types of fertilizers have been produced – according to water solubility and different application methods. Water insoluble matter less than 0.1%, used for drip fertigation, foliar spray fertilizer; water insoluble matter less than 0.5%, used for sprinkler fertilization; water insoluble matter less than 5%, used for flushing, leaching, etc.; water insoluble matter is greater than or equal 5% for soil fertilization.

Water and fertilizer integration is a revolution in agricultural production methods. It is a fertilization of soil fertilization to crops. It is a test of the management experience summarized in the past. Whether the experience of nutrient management based on soil fertilization is effective, what is the main basis for fertilization decision, the amount of fertilizer applied, How to determine the number of fertilization and fertilization time, and what kind of fertilizer and high nutrient content are needed for water and fertilizer integration is not a good fertilizer for water and fertilizer integration, etc., and it needs to be re-explored in practice.

Water and fertilizer integration has great potential for development

After years of demonstration and promotion, water and fertilizer integration has been popularized from the previous “high-end agriculture” and “image project”, and it has already had favorable conditions for vigorous development. First, the government at all levels from the central to local governments pay attention to it;

Second, the Ministry of Agriculture specializes in issuing demonstration subsidy guidance and supportive policies; the third is from economic crops to field crops, and the technical model is mature; fourth, the government, scientific research, promotion, enterprises, and farmers form a consensus on the development environment; The investment has dropped drastically, with an investment of 600-800 yuan per mu of land and 1,000-1,500 yuan of economic crops.

According to statistics from the agricultural sector, there are currently more than 500 million mu of cultivated land suitable for the development of water and fertilizer integration in China. At the same time, China's water-soluble fertilizers and liquid fertilizers have just started, with a total consumption of less than 5 million tons, and huge development potential.

In view of the specific reality of our province, the development of water and fertilizer integration should highlight regional models. In Huanghuai wheat area, it is advisable to promote wheat and corn micro-spraying water and fertilizer integration technology; in facility agriculture, the main dominant crops are economic crops such as vegetables, fruits and flowers; orchards, the main dominant crops are apples, grapes and other fruits, promoting drip irrigation, Micro-spraying water and fertilizer integration technology, without the need of water source or insufficient water source, it is necessary to realize the integration of drip irrigation and micro-spraying water and fertilizer on the basis of equipment equipped with rain collection facilities.

Definition of water soluble fertilizer

The broad-based water-soluble fertilizer refers to a large amount of elemental water-soluble fertilizer, water-soluble compound fertilizer, and water-soluble fertilizer and organic water-soluble fertilizer specified by the Ministry of Agriculture.

In the narrow sense, water-soluble fertilizer refers to a multi-element fertilizer or a functional organic compound fertilizer that is completely and rapidly dissolved in water, especially the water-soluble fertilizer product specified by the Ministry of Agriculture industry standard.

Characteristics of water soluble fertilizer

Product features: limited water insoluble content; high degree of compounding, complete nutrient types; rich product range.

Application characteristics: integrated water and fertilizer, easy to use, safe, labor saving; nutrient forms are diverse, fertilizer utilization is high; fertilizer types are selected according to the application method.

Classification of water soluble fertilizer

According to the physical form, it is divided into solid water soluble fertilizer and liquid water soluble fertilizer.

According to the registration requirements, it can be divided into: NY1107-2010, a large amount of elemental water soluble fertilizer; NY2266-2012, medium amount of elemental water soluble fertilizer; Y1429-2010, containing amino acid water soluble fertilizer; NY1428-2010, trace element water soluble fertilizer; NY1106-2010, including Humic acid water soluble fertilizer.

According to the type of active substance, it is divided into natural active compounds, natural plant growth regulators, and functional microorganisms.

Solid water soluble fertilizer is divided into physical mixing and chemical synthesis. The raw materials for production are elemental fertilizers, compound fertilizers and some synergists. The key factors in the production of solid water-soluble fertilizers are the screening of raw materials and the selection of auxiliary substances. The choice of raw materials determines the quality and physicochemical properties of the products, including the grade of raw materials, nutrient types and content, which affect the quality of fertilizers.

In recent years, international solid fertilizers have been increasingly replaced by composite liquid fertilizers. More than 40% of all chemical fertilizers sold in the United States are liquid fertilizers; more than 30% of Russia's liquid fertilizers; Israel's liquid fertilizers account for more than 90%. With the promotion of water and fertilizer integration technology and the rapid development of water-soluble fertilizers, China's liquid fertilizer industry is also developing rapidly.

Liquid water soluble fertilizer has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, convenient application, direct absorption and precise fertilization. Its development has the characteristics of speciality, versatility and high nutrient concentration. The selection of additives in the production process is particularly important, including three major categories: anti-crystallization agents, stabilizers, and synergists. The most scientific application method of water soluble fertilizer is to use water and fertilizer integration technology.

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