Pharmacological effects associated with efficacy The aconite has the effect of restoring the yang, restoring the fire, and promoting the yang and the wind. Attending the collapse of dead yang, limb cold veins, impotence, palace cold, confidants cold pain, cold vomiting and diarrhea, chilly edema, cold and dampness pain. "Ben Caoyan Yan" cloud: "Concubine, back yang gas, scattered chilly. ... Whenever the cathode of Yang deficiency, lung-kidney heat syndrome, serving the death of the special merit." Strong heart Aconite can increase myocardial contractility, speed up heart rate, increase cardiac output, increase myocardial oxygen consumption. Using traditional Chinese medicine serum pharmacological research methods, it was observed that after oral administration of crude aconite preparations, serum of animals significantly enhanced myocardial contractility and accelerated myocardial contraction rate. The serum concentration of drug-containing serum peaked at 2 hours after administration, indicating that Fuzi decoction is effective in combination. Intensive ingredient, and this ingredient is effective orally. Aconite overdose can cause arrhythmia. The decocrine alkaloids (DMC) extracted from the aconite are the main components of the aconite heart; chlorinated methyl dopamine and nor-scafoline also have a cardiotonic effect. The positive inotropic effect of aconitine was significant, and when the concentration was reduced to 10-9 g/ml, there was still a strong heart effect on the isolated heart. The positive inotropic effect of norzae-ouprine was dose-effect relationship. Within the range of 10-9-5 x 10-8 g/ml, the cardiac contraction amplitude increased by 22%-98%, and the cardiac output increased by 15%-80. %. Anesthetized dogs and guinea pigs were treated with intravenous infusion of norfloxacin at a concentration of 2 μg/kg per minute, which increased the left ventricular pressure (LVP) by 12% and 58%, respectively, and the maximum rate of left intraventricular pressure increase (dp/dt max). ) Increased by 73% and 26% respectively. Intravenous instillation of sodium pentobarbital, or perfusion with N2 saturated perfusate, can form an animal model of acute experimental heart failure. Norfloxacin can normalize the extent of failure of the isolated heart. From this, it can be seen that to azadirachtin has a significant cardiac effect on isolated and in vivo heart, normal and failing hearts. Studies have shown that to azacitron is a partial agonist of β-receptors, and its cardiotonic effects are related to excitatory β-receptors. Effects on Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure Aconite has dilated blood vessels, increased blood flow, and improved blood circulation. Aconite injection or aconitine intravenous injection has obvious dilation of blood vessels, can make anesthesia large cardiac output, coronary blood flow. Cerebral blood flow and femoral artery blood flow increased significantly, vascular resistance decreased, this effect can be blocked by propranolol. The effect of aconite on blood pressure has both boosting and antihypertensive effects, which are related to the ingredients contained in it. Studies have shown that norfloxacin is an antihypertensive active ingredient that has the dual role of stimulating beta receptors and blocking al receptors, chlorinated methyldopamine as a receptor agonist, and norzasporbicin as beta receptors. Both body and a receptors have excitatory effects, and both are active components of the booster effect. Anti-shock The limbs seen in the cardiopulmonary yang deficiencies are cold and the pulse is morbid, similar to the shock in modern medicine. Therefore, the efficacy of aconite back to the rescue of the sun is mainly based on the effect of cardiac anti-shock. Aconite and its compound preparations, such as Shenfu Decoction and Sini Decoction, can increase the mean arterial pressure, prolong the survival time and survival of hemorrhagic shock, endotoxic body, cardiogenic shock, and superior mesenteric artery clamping shock. percentage. The ability of endotoxin shock can significantly improve stroke volume, cardiac output, and cardiac index. Hypoxia, thrombolytic occlusive shock, etc. also have a significant protective effect. In addition to the active components of anti-shock related to the active ingredient of its heart, saponizine is not only related to the excitatory action of β-receptor and a-receptor, but also can excite the heart, accelerate the heart rate, and shrink the blood vessels. Hypertension; chlorinated methyldopamine is an a-receptor agonist and has a potent boosting effect. It can be seen that the anti-shock effect of Aconite is related to its effects such as strong heart, contraction of blood vessels, increase of blood pressure, expansion of blood vessels, and improvement of circulation. Anti-arrhythmia Aconite has significant anti-slow arrhythmia effects. Azaopybine has obvious preventive and therapeutic effects on verapamil-induced slow arrhythmia in mice, and can improve atrioventricular conduction, accelerate heart rate, and restore sinus rhythm. It has a certain therapeutic effect on home-made sinus node hypofunction caused by formaldehyde, making the sinus node and atrioventricular node function normal, and the ST segment and T wave return to normal. In addition, aconite, n-butanol, ethanol and water extract all have a preventive effect on ventricular fibrillation induced by chloroform in mice. Aconite water-soluble part of the arrhythmia-induced arrhythmias in rats, especially the most obvious effect of water extract. The above shows that aconite has different effects on myocardial electrophysiology, and may be related to different components contained. Aconite dose is too large, can lead to arrhythmia, should pay attention. Myocardial protection Intravenous injection of Fuzi Injection can significantly counteract acute experimental myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin and inhibit ST elevation in electrocardiogram. Norfloxacin has the effect of expanding the coronary artery and increasing the nutrient blood flow of the myocardium. The anti-myocardial ischemia effect of aconite may be related to the increase of myocardial blood oxygen supply. In rats under ice-water stress, platelet aggregation due to increased secretion of endogenous catecholamines causes myocardial damage. Aconite decoction can resist this kind of stress injury and has protective effect on myocardium. Cold resistance, improve resistance to hypoxia Both aconite cold decoction and decoction can inhibit cold-induced temperature drop in chickens and rats, prolong survival time and reduce deaths. This effect is related to the effects of aconite heart, dilation of blood vessels, and increased blood flow. The intraperitoneal injection of 50% aconite injection can significantly increase the ability of mice to withstand normal hypoxia and prolong the survival time of mice under hypoxic conditions. It suggests that it has a protective effect on the heart and brain. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic Aconite decoction has obvious inhibitory effect on acute inflammation model. Aconite decoction significantly inhibited inflammation of the ear of mice induced by croton oil, and significantly inhibited paw swelling of rats caused by formaldehyde, egg white, histamine, and carrageenan. Aconitine alkaloids also have anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory effects of aconite may be achieved through multiple pathways. Aconite can reduce vitamin C and cholesterol levels in the adrenal glands of animals, increase urinary 17-hydroxysteroids, decrease eosinophilic white blood cells in blood, and increase alkaline phosphatase and hepatic glycogen. Further observation with radioimmunoassay, intraperitoneal injection of aconitine caused a dose-dependent increase in corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) content in the rat hypothalamus. The above description shows that the aconite exerts its anti-inflammatory effect through the excitement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-bone supraadrenal cortex system. By immunohistochemistry, the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus CRH nerve cells and median bulge nerve fibers increased significantly. It suggests that the aconite enhances the adrenocortical system and may be caused by excitation of the hypothalamic CRH neurons. Another experiment found that after removal of bilateral adrenal glands, the aconite still has anti-inflammatory effects, indicating that the aconite expulsion of the pituitary-adrenocortical system may itself also have corticosteroid-like effects. Aconite and aconitine inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. Aconite can significantly increase the pain threshold of the mouse's tail root pressure-induced pain. Aconite intraperitoneal injection and aconite decoction and alcohol decoction have significant analgesic effect on pain induced by thermal stimulation in mice. Aconitine is a diterpene diterpene alkaloid contained in aconite, which is both a toxic component and an effective component of analgesia. Effect on Animal Models of Yin Deficiency and Yang Deficiency Studies have shown that yin deficiency syndrome manifests as sympathetic nerve-beta receptor-cAMP system function hemiplegia; Yang deficiency manifests as parasympathetic nerve-M receptor-cGMP system function hemiplegia. For animals with hypothyroidism and Yang deficiency syndrome, Fuzi can reduce the number of M receptors and reduce the reactivity of the CGMP system, making it normal. For yin deficiency model animals caused by onychomycosis and hydrocortisone, aconite increased the number of β-receptors, and the reactivity of CAMP system further increased. Therefore, aconite can further worsen the yin deficiency syndrome and improve the yang deficiency syndrome. In addition, the functions of the endocrine and sympathetic nervous systems in the Deficiency Card are both in a low state. The content of noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) in the brain is decreased, and the content of 5-HT is increased. The aconite can reverse the changes of NA, DA and 5-HT contents in the brain, suggesting that the aconite can also regulate the body's balance by affecting the central neurotransmitter. This explains the molecular level to some extent. Aconite boosting mechanism. Effects on the digestive system Aconite decoction can inhibit gastric emptying, but it can stimulate spontaneous jejunal contraction activity in vitro, and has a cholinergic and histamine-like effect. Aconite and aconitine have contractile effects on isolated ileum muscle of rats. This effect can be blocked by atropine and may be related to excitotoxic cholinergic nervous system. Aconite decoction can also inhibit mouse water immersion stress and rat gastric ulcer induced ulcer formation. Other pharmacological effects (1) Sedative Health Fuzi can inhibit the spontaneous activity of mice and prolong the sleeping time of mice caused by cyclizate. (2) Local anesthetic aconite can stimulate the local skin, so that the sensory nerve endings of the skin mucous membrane is excited, resulting in pruritus and burning sensation. Followed by anesthesia, loss of consciousness. In addition to the above-mentioned effects, aconite has the effects of enhancing immunity, resisting thrombosis, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and delaying aging. In summary, the aconite Huiyang salvation, supplementing Yang to help the fire mainly with its strong heart, anti-arrhythmia, anti-shock, dilate blood vessels, increase blood flow, enhance adrenocortical system function, resistance to cold and other related effects; Wet and evil are related to anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-cold, and increased tolerance to hypoxia. This 50m distance measuring meter is made of two parts: the laser distance outside unit and the sole part laser measure module. Great distance range is from 3cm to 50 meters with ±1.5mm high accuracy. 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The efficacy and role of aconite
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