In the winter production of solar greenhouses, it is often encountered that continuous cloudy or rainy and snowy weather causes insufficient light and the night temperature is low, which can easily cause various diseases and physiological barriers, resulting in poor product quality and low yield, which seriously affect the economy. benefit. To solve the above problems, we should pay attention to the following seven aspects in the management work. 1, strengthen the insulation measures. To increase greenhouse cover in cold climates, we can add grass curtains or corn straw around the greenhouses at night, dig cold ditch in front of the shed, and can also add a layer of old film on pastures to keep warm and prevent rain. Snow wet grass curtains. 2, strengthen lighting management. Effective measures should be taken to increase the duration of illumination, increase the light intensity, and promote the photosynthesis of vegetables. Frequent cleaning of the film surface to increase the light transmittance of the film; under the premise of ensuring the temperature, the straw curtain should be uncovered as soon as possible, and the shutter is installed to shorten the time of the rolling shutter and the curtain time, so that the vegetables can see the light and see more light, and increase the photosynthetic product. Accumulation. In case of cloudy days and rain or snow, draft curtains or pull curtains are added to increase the scattered light. It is also possible to suspend artificial light curtains or whitewashed back walls and install incandescent lamps. 3, timely and scientific air release cooling and humidity. High-efficiency and energy-saving solar greenhouses with good performance In winter, the maximum indoor temperature can reach above 32°C between 12:00-14:00 in the sunny days. At this time, open the skylight and release the air. Since the outside temperature is low, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the greenhouse is too large, and the air is often insufficient. In half an hour, the temperature has dropped below 25°C. At this time, the sunroof should be closed to increase the temperature in the greenhouse. When the room temperature rises to around 30°C again, the sunroof will be re-opened and the air will be released. This ventilation management should be repeated several times to maintain the indoor temperature in the afternoon at 20-25°C. Due to repeated heating and venting, the water vapor in the greenhouse can be effectively eliminated, the carbon dioxide gas can be replenished, the indoor temperature can be maintained within a suitable humidity range of the plant, and the development and spread of the disease can be effectively controlled. If the air is discharged only once at noon, the humidity in the greenhouse and the heavy fog in the greenhouse will increase the occurrence of the disease. After the winter greenhouses are uncovered, they should not be released immediately. After the solar greenhouses are covered with non-drip membranes, due to the low outside temperature, the greenhouses often see a lot of fog floating after exposing them. Cold air below °C entering the greenhouse will further accelerate the condensation of water vapor and make the fog heavier, which will accelerate the infection and spread of the disease. Therefore, in addition to the cold season, winter solar greenhouses should generally open the skylights after the minimum temperature exceeds 0°C. Generally 10-15cm wide slits for half an hour, you can remove the greenhouse fog. After several hours of noon exhausting, the water vapor in the greenhouse will be discharged to reduce the condensation on the leaves. 4, scientific water and fertilizer. It is necessary to coordinate the relationship between watering, raising the ground temperature, and reducing the indoor humidity, implementing full-film coverage, reducing water evaporation, and reducing humidity. When watering, look at the weather forecast, see the soil moisture, and look at the vegetables. Do watering on a sunny day, do not pour on cloudy days; water in sunny mornings and water in the afternoon; pour warm water, and do not pour cold water; pour dark water or drip irrigation under the membrane. To combine top dressing with watering, combined with the use of zinc, boron and other micro-fertilizers, enhance the body resistance to disease, disease resistance. In addition, in winter, the ground temperature is low, and the root absorption capacity is poor. The fertilizer can be sprayed on the leaves to supplement the plant growth requirements. Such as leaf spray vinegar can be anti-bacterial deworming, mixed with sugar and superphosphate can not only play a role outside the top dressing, but also increase the sugar content of mesophyll, and improve cold resistance. 5, timely plant adjustments. Vegetables and vegetables should be timely hanging vines, pruning topping, sparse fruit thinning, improve ventilation and light conditions and nutritional status of vegetables. 6. It is not advisable to clear the grass in winter for a long time. When Lianyungang suddenly turns into a sunny day, it is not possible to unveil it all at once during the day when it is uncovered. To use “exposing the flowersâ€, the first day of the first day of the fair will be uncovered and the third will be uncovered until 2 pm. After two-thirds of the time, the grasshoppers will all be uncovered after another hour. The light in the greenhouse gradually increases and the temperature rises slowly to avoid flashing. If the grasshoppers are fully uncovered once they turn green, the seedlings in the greenhouse are suddenly exposed to strong light and high temperatures. The amount of transpiration on the leaves is large, and the amount of water absorbed beyond the roots will easily cause the plants to wilt and wither and die. 7, timely control of pests and diseases. Prevention and control of winter should be based mainly on fumigants and dust, spray as little as possible, reduce indoor humidity, in order to help control the occurrence and spread of the disease.
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Strengthen seven measures for the winter management of solar greenhouses