"Second Cropping" Cultivation Technique of Potato

"Second cropping" cultivation of potatoes, also known as autumn sowing potatoes, is not only a remedy for the main autumn crops suffering from drought threatening yield loss, but also one of the purification and restoration measures to maintain potato seed properties.

Selection of good varieties

Select potato varieties with early maturity, short dormant period, relatively high temperature and drought resistance, and concentrated potato production, such as Zaodabai, Zihuabai, etc. for autumn sowing. The selection of seed potatoes requires the characteristics of the selected potato variety, moderate specifications, uniform consistency, bright skin, no disease spots, deformities and worm holes.

Seed germination

Autumn potatoes must be sown with buds. Seeds are only available when there are buds. It is better to sow small seed potatoes of about 30 grams. Large seed potatoes must be cut first to ensure that each cut has 1-2 robust buds. The weight is over 30 grams. The freshly dug seed potatoes have a long dormancy period during autumn sowing. Soaking the seeds with "920" can break the dormancy. The concentration is 1ppm (1 g "920" against 200 kg of water). Soak the seeds for 10-15 minutes and take them out for ventilation. Dry in a cool place without sunlight, and then germinate on the sand or soil bed. Do not spray water before or after going to bed. The cuts of potato pieces are arranged close to each other with the side facing down, and a gap is staggered between the pieces so that the cut pieces do not touch each other. One layer of each row is covered with one finger of thick moist sand, which can be placed 3-5 layers, and the top layer is covered with 7-10 cm of sand to ensure water retention. Germination can occur in 7-10 days. When the bud length is 1.5-2 cm, take out the seedlings for 1-2 days, and then you can sow.

Improving density at the right time

Sowing should be done in the morning and afternoon, and it can be done all day on a cloudy day. In case of high temperature and hot sun, the sowing point should be deeper, and cover with soil with the sowing. The stagnant water in the field is easy to cause rotten potatoes, which affects the emergence and plant growth. Therefore, the stagnant water is removed in time after the rain and the soil is cultivated to facilitate emergence. The general planting density is 5000-6000 plants per acre, and wide rows and narrow plants are favorable for soil cultivation. The row spacing is 40 cm, the hole spacing is 25 cm, the stem buds are facing down, and the cover soil thickness is about 5 cm. Cultivating the soil when the seedling is about 15 cm high can increase soil permeability and increase the temperature difference between day and night, which is conducive to high quality and high yield.

Field management

The bottom fertilizer should be 40-50 kg of compound fertilizer and 2000 kg of fully decomposed farmhouse fertilizer, especially the manure water is indispensable, and the manure water is 15-20 quintals. Topdressing urea 10-15 kg / mu in time after emergence. After the seedlings are unearthed, weeding and weeding will be carried out. The autumn potato should adopt the method of shallow cultivation and multi-cultivation. The first cultivation should be carried out at a height of about 20 cm; the second cultivation should be carried out during the flowering period; the third cultivation should be carried out in late October. The cultivation should be thicker this time. To protect tubers from frost. From the bud to the flowering stage, apply 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar topdressing and spray 2-3 times.

Controlling Pests and Diseases

The main diseases of autumn potato are late blight and bacterial wilt. The main pests are underground pests and 28-star ladybugs. Late blight can be controlled by spraying with 600% liquid of 72% chlorodew wettable powder or 2500 liquid of 50% Fushuide suspension agent; for bacterial wilt, select healthy and disease-free seed potatoes, rotate crops, and remove diseased plants in time. Prevention and control; underground pests are controlled by sowing with 50% phoxim 0.2 kg / mu mixed with poisonous soil and spreading in the furrows for prevention and control; 28-star ladybugs use 2.5% deltamethrin EC 3000 times liquid or dichlorvos 1000 times liquid Prevention.

Waterlogging and low-temperature freezing

Rotten potatoes are easily caused when water accumulates in the field, which affects the emergence of seedlings. After the rain, clear the ditch in time to eliminate the accumulated water and carry out cultivating to ensure the smooth emergence of seedlings. October is a period of tuber swelling. Low temperature hinders tuber growth. Reasonably arrange the variety and planting time, and adjust the sowing date to avoid frost damage. Frosty weather occurs during growth. Watering should be paid attention to keep the soil moist. Covering the arch, applying antifreeze, compound biological fertilizer or spraying dry powder on the leaves can reduce the frost damage.

Delay the harvest appropriately

Under the premise of not affecting the sowing of the subsequent crops, in order to help prolong the expansion period of autumn potato tubers, it can be harvested when the stems and leaves of the aerial parts die up;

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