In recent years, many fruit trees in the Jiaodong area have been seriously or greatly affected. The authors found through investigation that the root cause of the disease prevention and control in the current fruit tree production is that the pathogens of the disease are misunderstood and need to be re-recognized. 1, gum disease Traditional materials suggest that gum disease is a physiological disease, and some materials are considered to be fungal diseases. Since 1996, fruit tree gum disease has occurred more seriously in the Jiaodong area, and even occurred. Through a large number of investigations in 1998, we discovered the Japanese stupid (researched by Professor Gu Yu of Laiyang Agricultural College, also known as the fruit tree Xiaoyan). Four years of observations have found that the major occurrence of branch gum disease is mainly caused by the harm of Japanese cockroaches. Japanese Oystercatcher occurred in 1 year, and the larvae suffered damage in the previous years, and the branches that died near the dead were overwintered. In July and August, a large number of feathers emerged. From August to November, after picking fruits such as peach, plum, and cherries, Japanese cockroaches Adults in the skin of the branches and other places to forage, causing a large number of small pupils in the branches, destroying the phloem transport organization of the branches, the colloids flow out from the pupils, forming a branch of the gum disease. At present, more than 90% of the branches of the orchard in the Jiaodong area are caused by Japanese cockroaches. At the same time, the occurrence of fruit gum disease is mainly caused by insect pests. For example, peach aphid and pear heartworm can cause fruit gum disease. The key to control the disease of fruit trees is from August to October, that is, the Japanese cockroach is infected with insects, and insecticides such as bromine and peach xiaoling are sprayed on the dried fruits. The key to controlling fruit gum disease is to spray insecticides during the fruit growing season. 2. The deformed thickening of the roots of the grape roots and the leaves of the new shoots such as pears are dead. In recent years, the symptoms of deformity and thickening have appeared in the branches above the root neck of the grape, which has affected the normal transmission of grape nutrition. According to the author's investigation in the vineyards of Yushan Yuli and Zhuzhi in 2003, the disease occurred more seriously or more, with an average incidence rate of 10% and individual orchards reaching more than 90%. Many experts believe that it belongs to "root cancer", and some people think that it is caused by excessive manganese. Fruit farmers believe that the disease is an incurable disease, and they have adopted a plan to plan trees. Because there is no right medicine, the disease is “infected†very quickly. The author observed the pathological site continuously using anatomical mirrors, and found that the so-called "root cancer disease" of grapes is mainly a kind of cockroaches. The main cause of malformation of grape branches is a small white spider. This small white spider may be introduced into China from Japan. It is like Japan's Nano Hatani. It has a body length of less than 1mm, a yellow-white body color, and agile activity. Its back has 2 dark spots in May, and later generations. There are no dark spots on the back of Chengyu, like two-spotted spider mite. However, experts from the Shandong Provincial Fruit Research Institute and the Laiyang Agricultural College denied it as a two-spotted spider mites because of their significantly smaller size. Cheng Hao can always be harmful until November, and then winter. Chengyu likes to move at the base of the leaves and feed on the thickened part of the roots of the grapes. From June to August, a large number of scorpions can be seen in the field, which are triangular in shape and resemble rust niches. If the scorpion cluster is harmful, hundreds of scorpions can be seen on one pear leaf, which is harmful to young shoots, leaves, young fruit, etc., and the whole skin of grapes and pears can be turned into rust color. Professor Gu Yu of Laiyang Agricultural College identified him as a scorpion. The best time to prevent and cure this cockroach is from May to July after the germination of the grapes. The best medicinal agent is 8000-10000 times 8% avermectin, 1000 times 20% triazolyl, 20% broom 2,000 times, etc. . 3, grape black pox disease After red grape and other grapes were introduced into the Jiaodong area, grape black pox became the nemesis of red grape. Grape black pox disease not only damages leaves, branches, but also seriously damages the fruit, which is considered to be harmful to young tissues. According to the survey, more than 90% of the red grapees planted in Rushan City between 1998 and 2000 were destroyed by grape black pox disease. Many experts believe that red grapes and other grapes are not suitable for development in Jiaodong. In 2000 and 2001, the four red grape vineyards in Xiaolonggezhuang, Qinglong Town, Zhaoyuan City, and Cuijia, Rushan Xia Village, and other black pox diseases occurred. The fruits and branches had a lot of black pox symptoms, which caused the vineyard to be destroyed. . The author took samples in the above orchards and carried out culture and spore observation in Rushan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital. It was found that the pathogen belongs to the genus Arthropod, which is basically consistent with the Alternaria, which is not the traditional data. We used pesticides for sensitivity determination indoors, and reviewed the experience of prevention and treatment of apple spotted leaf diseases belonging to the genus Arthropus fungus around 1990-1992, and found that the traditional drugs such as sodium pentachlorophenol and carbendazim inhibited the pathogens. Poor, the best control agent and time is sprayed with 5Be stone sulphur mixture before spring germination (self-made), sprayed 10% valeramine 1000 times, 70% acetonide 1000 times, 1.5% more resistant to mildew 300 times, 10% high 2000 times, 85% Ethyl aluminum 300 times, 1:1: 220 times Bordeaux liquid. According to these methods, since 2001, Rushan red grape black pox has been effectively controlled, with high yield and stable production. In addition, the symptoms of the green scorpion mites before and after the germination of the grapes are similar to those of the grape black pox, and the fruit farmers and technicians generally think that it is black pox disease, which is even worse. 4, leaf perforation Leaf perforation such as peach trees is generally considered to be mainly bacterial perforation. In 2002 and 2003, the perforation of peach and plum leaves in the Jiaodong area occurred in large numbers. Except for the perforation of the leaves, the buds and new shoots of the branches died in large numbers. Through our separation and cultivation of pathogens, the main cause of the disease is Fusarium. It should be said that fungi is the main cause of these perforation diseases (of course, bacteria are not excluded). It is not as effective as carbendazim and Procymidone with the control effect of mancozeb series products (Dasheng M-45, etc.) and agricultural streptomycin. 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Re-recognition of several fruit tree diseases