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Non-pollution Winter Jujube High-yield and High-quality Cultivation Technique
Jujube is a preferred late-maturing fresh food species, the fruit is nearly round, the fruit surface is smooth and smooth, fruit shape resembles a small round of light apple, hence the name of apple jujube. The average fruit weight of winter jujube is 10.7 g, and the maximum fruit weight is 23.2. The pulp is crunchy, juicy, and sweet. The white mature stage contains 27% of soluble solids, 34% to 38% of soluble solids after coloring, 40% to 42% of soluble solids during ripening, and excellent fresh food quality. After 2 to 3 years after planting, the results will begin, and 4 to 5 years will enter the fruit period. The yield will be 1000 to 1500 kilograms per mu. Generally mature from late September to mid-October, mature period lasts about 1 month. The jujube has strong adaptability, and the jujube has strong resistance to disease and fresh storage. The garden site is selected to be soil or sandy loam soil with more soil, convenient irrigation and drainage, and slightly acidic and slightly alkaline. The garden should be open, with good ventilation and convenient transportation, especially in the suburbs. Cultivation Techniques Jujube trees are planted in the spring before freezing in the fallen leaves or planted in the spring before they are frozen. Seedlings should use the best seedlings. Before the planting, the overall planning of the park must be completed. Arrangements for roads and supporting facilities must be arranged in a rational and orderly manner. The fresh food species dates should adopt dwarf close planting and intensive cultivation, generally 1650 plants per hectare are appropriate. When planting, one-meter deep tree pits should be dug, and each plant should use 20-30 kg of farmyard fertilizer. After mixing the farmyard manure with the excavated topsoil, it should be backfilled at 50 to 60 cm in the tree pit and then filled with 10 cm of soil. Isolation layer. When it is planted, it should be irrigated with water. After the water penetrates, it will help the seedlings to seal the soil and protect the soil. The fertilizer and water management technology must apply basal fertiliser after fruit collection every year. After the first two years of planting, the basal fertilizer should be applied. If the rootage is larger after three years, it can be dispersed and the amount of fertilizer applied per acre is 2,000 to 3,000 kilograms. Pre-emergence, early flowering period, and date fertilizer application of ternary compound fertilizer, applying 50-60 kg per acre, foliar spray fertilizer 3 to 4 times. After applying basal fertiliser and topdressing fertilizer, it should be watered. In other periods, it should be properly watered according to the soil moisture content, and timely cultivating and weeding. Tree Management Technology The main task of tree management is to perform pruning. After the planting, it shall be dried at 80 cm. After the seedlings, the branches and leaves that are drawn at the seedling stage will be retained first to increase the photosynthesis, and after the seedlings are reduced, 30 to 40 centimeters will be taken as an orthopedic zone, and the plastic zone will be selected from 4 to 5 positions. Strong branches are cultivated as the main branch. In the year and afterwards, pruning should be performed in summer and winter, and summer pruning should be the main method. Summer cuts are mainly buds, toppings, and twisting branches. Wiping away excess heads and eradicating them, the sooner the better, to reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption. Pulling and twisting the branches is to adjust the positions of the branches up and down and left and right when the branches are semi-lignified. The crown can be cultured to 2 to 2.5 meters in 2 to 3 years, and the crown can be cultured to 1.8 to 2.5 meters, and the branches can be evenly distributed. Reasonable, easy pest control and picking. The flowers should be girdled at the flowering stage (around June 10th) to regulate vegetative growth, promote reproductive growth, and increase fruit setting rate. You can also spray 2 to 3 times lindomycin or organic liquid fertilizer to increase fruit setting rate. Pest and disease prevention and control Winter jujube can be eaten fresh without being processed from the tree. Therefore, pesticide species and time should be strictly selected for pest control, and pollution-free green fruits should be developed. Ecological control: The method of raising chickens in the jujube garden can be adopted. The use of chickens and caterpillars can reduce the occurrence of pests, and chicken excrement can be used as a fertilizer garden. In addition, it is necessary to control the number and time of medications and protect the natural enemies of the pests such as Caoqingling, Coccinella septempunctata, and parasitoids to exert the natural control of beneficial insects. Chemical control: In strict accordance with the national regulations on the use of pesticides, the use of highly toxic, highly toxic, and high-residue pesticides is prohibited, and high-efficiency low-residue chemical pesticides and biological pesticides are selected. Disease Prevention and Control of Jujube Rust: From mid-July to mid-August, spray Bordeaux 2 times (ratio 1:2:200). Jujube fruit disease: strengthen the comprehensive management of jujube trees, improve jujube resistance. From July to August, agricultural streptomycin and DT fungicide can be sprayed for 3 to 4 times for prevention and treatment. Insect pest control Zaojiao, Peach borer: Control by killing sterilized ester or cypermethrin and diflubenzuron. Jujubes, spider mites: before the bud with 3 to 5 degrees lime sulfur agent control, the occurrence of sulphur suspension, avermectin to prevent and control. China Agricultural Network Editor
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