Taizhou Yingtian Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. , https://www.sakuradaagc.com
High-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques for autumn onion
Cultivate strong seedlings. Appropriate sowing time for autumn sowing requires strict timeliness. If planting too early, the seedlings grow 4 leaves before winter, it is easy to pass through the vernalization before winter, the first spring convulsions in early spring, affect the quality; sowing too late, not more than 2 true leaves before winter, shallow roots into the soil, not cold Serious death. Therefore, autumn sowing must strictly control the timely sowing time, generally between September 25 to October 10, after sowing to the winter to 45 to 55 days, two true leaves before winter, can safely winter. ? 2. Seedbed preparation 3000-5000 kilograms per acre to put a good decomposing circle fertilizer, plus 30 ~ 40 kg of superphosphate, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 20 kg, after the first extermination after application of shallow ploughing, full squeezing fine, smashing flat for rake. Due to the small size of the onion seed, the seedbed should be finely loosened. The seedlings are generally 10 to 15 meters long and 0.8 to 1 meters wide. After making the cockroach, use the cockroach to loosen the cockles and apply poison baits to control the soil pests. General acres of onion seedlings can be transplanted 0.2 to 0.3 hectares. ? 3. Sowing should use new seeds with a germination rate (10 days) of more than 70%. Per acre sowing rate of 1 ~ 1.5 kg, mixed with several times fine dry soil and mix well, remove 0.5 ~ 1 cm thick soil from the cocoon, into the adjacent cocoon, then the cocoon cocoon flat, full irrigation, until the water seepage The seeds of the soil are spread evenly on the surface by hand, and then the removed soil is returned to the original. ? 4. When the seedlings were managed in a timely manner in autumn, the seedlings emerged one week after sowing, and the cotyledons were straightened for two weeks, and the first true leaf was grown about 17 days later. Do not water during this period and keep the surface loose. Relying mainly on the bottom pod, take the whole seedling once. Do not flood the irrigation, so as to avoid the pressure of onion sprouts and simmer the knot. Before and after the “big snowfallâ€, the frozen water was poured. After 3 to 5 days, there was a chance of freezing in the morning, which covered about 1 cm thick chopped horse dung, ash or thin ring fertilizer. Overwintering green onions, began returning green in late spring in late spring. In the middle and late March, poured back to Qingshui. In early April, when the height of seedlings is about 15 to 30 centimeters, 1 to 2 seedlings are planted, and the seedling distance is 5 to 7 centimeters. The seedlings can be combined with ripping and weeding. From late April to May, the temperature rose back to 20°C, and the seedling height was about 30-50 cm. It was a period of vigorous growth of onion seedlings that required good management of fertilizer and water. Can be staged to speed up fertilizer, such as urea, compound fertilizer, 2 or 3 times, 15 to 20 kg per acre. From late May to early June, it is necessary to take control as the main force to promote control and integration. More seedlings were watered, and the onion seedlings were strong. It was not until 4 to 5 days before transplanting that they were poured with water to facilitate seedling growth. From May to June, we must also do a good job of preventing and controlling pests such as green onion, leaf miner, and thrips. ? Land preparation for transplanting? Weighing green onions, we must use high-lying, fertile soil plots, but also to avoid heavy crops, it is best to rotate with food crops. After harvesting, pick up the ground, and scoop it again, apply high-quality decomposed rim fertilizer (4000 kg per mu), level the ground, and then open the ditch. ? Onion ditch distance, large white long, cultivated earth onion spacing of more than 80 cm. Onion ditch is mostly saddle-shaped, the length of the ditch is 20-30 meters, and the longest is only 50 meters. The ditch is north-south. First, dig up the ridge on the back of the ridge and use a fine iron shovel to break it. In order to increase fertilizer efficiency, base fertilizer can be applied in the ditch. About 10 kg of urea (or 15 kg of compound fertilizer) and 25 kg of superphosphate are used per acre. Scallions are generally transplanted in the middle and late June, and one or two strong seedlings should be selected. Changbai-type onions (such as Zhangqiu green onions) are generally 1.8 to 20,000 per acre. Planting is usually done by dry planting. After the ditching, the onion shoots are arranged one by one on the side of the ditch, and the soil is smashed down from the other side and watered. This method is simple and labor-saving, but at the time of harvesting, the light blue base has a bend that damages the appearance. The best method for planting green onions in Zhangqiu is “water pluggingâ€, which means that the selected green onion should be applied every 1 meter or so on the ridge back, and about 20 to 30 trees. From the middle of the plot, two kinds of ditch were planted on both sides. The ditch was watered first, and the water was soaked. About 8 to 10 meters from the plot, there was a man lying on the back of the ridge. The rice seedlings or iron strips were peeled off. Sticks to insert seedlings, rods 30 to 40 cm long, 2 to 3 cm thick, fork at the top, with the left hand to take the seedlings, the right hand to insert the rods, with the fork to withstand the onion seedling roots, the bottom of the trench soil is soft, the onion seedlings Straight down. The appropriate depth of planting is about 10 centimeters from the bifurcation of the tubular leaves of green onions. ? Field management? After transplanting from the middle and late June to the middle and early August, the weeds on the back of the ridge should be superficial. Before the beginning of autumn, it is possible to spread high-quality fine ring fertilizer, which is about 4,000 kilograms per mu. It is also possible to apply 20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and lightly pour water. Do not make large amounts of water and drain it afterwards. From late August to early October, it is most suitable for growing onion. This is also the critical period for fertilizer demand. Before and after the “summer heatâ€, 80 to 100 kg of cracked cake can be applied per acre, cutting ridge edge and pouring a water; to top-dressing, high-cultivation soil, earth-cultivation to lush green onions and leaves, stepping down. Mushi 15 kg of urea, 100 kg of ash or 15 kg of potassium sulfate. From mid-October to early November, if decompensation occurs after de-fertilization, flushing can be applied with available nitrogen fertilizer, followed by water, pouring water once every five to six days. The ground is not dry, and it is hard to pour. Immediately before and after the start of the winter season, the planer must be harvested. China Agricultural Network Editor
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