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The monitoring industry is the foundation of the entire environmental industry. If there is no monitoring, there is no way to detect water, gas and soil, and it is impossible to assess the environmental control effect and supervise the remediation of pollution sources. At the same time, if the country wants to better grasp environmental information, it must rely on its own environmental monitoring network. It is also for this reason that since the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, the state has focused on building its own environmental monitoring network. In general, the national control monitoring network system has been basically completed during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period. The main task of the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†is to further improve the entire monitoring network system and gradually sink to the monitoring network at the provincial and municipal levels. In the long run, the monitoring network system will be spread across all sectors of the industry. Therefore, environmental monitoring is the foundation of the entire environmental protection.
There are many subdivisions in the environmental monitoring, which involve various sub-areas of environmental protection. Environmental monitoring is divided into environmental protection monitoring and pollution source monitoring. The main purpose of environmental quality monitoring is to assess environmental protection results and environmental quality. The monitoring targets include atmospheric monitoring, water monitoring, soil monitoring and noise monitoring. The main purpose of pollution source monitoring is to control the emission of harmful substances. The monitoring targets include waste water monitoring, exhaust gas monitoring and heavy metal monitoring. In the environmental quality monitoring, the atmospheric monitoring is mainly started by the national control points (mainly above the prefecture-level administrative units) gradually sinking to the provincial control points (mainly county-level administrative units) and rural air monitoring. Water quality monitoring, surface water monitoring and groundwater monitoring: Surface water monitoring includes major rivers and lakes, centralized water sources, and offshore waters. It is mainly based on the national surface water quality monitoring section. The groundwater pollution monitoring system needs to combine existing groundwater projects such as land resources and water conservancy projects. The main project is referred to the “Groundwater Pollution Prevention and Control Planâ€. The soil monitoring methods are mainly soil sampling and laboratory analysis. The Ministry of Environmental Protection has issued a number of documents to standardize soil monitoring methods and techniques. In pollution source monitoring, waste (sewage) water mainly comes from domestic sewage and industrial sewage discharge. Domestic sewage monitoring is also the main monitoring of urban drainage and sewage treatment systems for urban sewage monitoring. Industrial wastewater monitoring mainly monitors the emissions of key polluting enterprises. Exhaust gas monitoring used to be mainly CEMS system monitoring, and later increased VOCs monitoring for organic pollutants. Mainly from the monitoring and deployment of industrial waste gas companies. Heavy metal emissions are mainly emitted by industrial waste gas waste slag, so heavy metal monitoring is closely related to existing industrial waste (sewage) water and waste gas monitoring.
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" and "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, various national policies promoted the rapid development of the monitoring industry. However, in the entire environmental protection industry, the market volume monitored in the monitoring industry is still relatively small, and there is still much room for development. According to the National Environmental Monitoring Center, sales of the monitoring industry rose from 10.8 billion in 2011 to 22.7 billion in 2015, with a compound annual growth rate of about 16%. However, the overall scale is only 8% of water treatment and 15% of solid waste treatment.
In 2015, the largest source of sales in the monitoring industry was East China and South China, accounting for 32.4% and 24.8%, respectively. This is mainly due to the fact that East China and South China are important industrial areas, and there is a greater demand for monitoring equipment. Secondly, East China and South China are relatively economically developed regions, and government finances are also investing more in monitoring. The proportion of R&D investment in the monitoring industry has increased year by year. The monitoring belongs to the high barrier and high technology industry. At present, the high precision equipment in the domestic market is still in the hands of foreign instrument companies. With the increase of national environmental protection and the consideration of environmental data security and cost reduction, monitoring equipment will be gradually localized. Therefore, monitoring companies that value R&D investment and master important technologies will have greater opportunities in the future. We have summarized the data of several listed companies in the domestic monitoring industry, and the company's R&D investment has basically increased year by year. The average R&D investment accounts for about 8% of operating income. In recent years, the proportion of R&D investment has decreased slightly, mainly due to the significant increase in sales revenue.
At present, there are about 200 enterprises engaged in environmental monitoring business in the country. Most of them are engaged in the research, production, installation and operation of online automatic monitoring systems such as waste gas, wastewater, ambient air and surface water (including integrators).
Among them, about 120 companies produce exhaust gas online monitoring systems, and about 80 companies produce wastewater online monitoring systems. China's environmental monitoring industry has high barriers, and the monopoly pattern has emerged, with leading companies occupying half of the country. First, as a technology-intensive industry, the environmental monitoring industry has a high technical threshold. At present, there are only over 200 enterprises engaged in environmental monitoring in China. The high-end process analysis instrument market is mostly occupied by foreign companies such as Siemens, ABB, and American Thermo Fisher; domestic-funded enterprises such as Concentration Technology and Xianhe Environmental Protection are mainly targeting the low-end process analytical instrument market.
Secondly, during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, the market share of the top ten enterprises in sales revenue remained at around 60%, and the industry competition pattern has basically taken shape. And the market monopoly occupancy rate is still increasing year by year. The gross profit margin of the monitoring industry has remained above 45%, which is much higher than the gross profit margin of the water treatment and solid waste sector, which is generally around 30%, but the gross profit margin of the monitoring industry is falling. The main reason is that the competition within the industry is becoming increasingly fierce. As competition intensifies, mergers and acquisitions within the industry will intensify. It coincides with the high technical barriers of the industry itself. Therefore, for domestic environmental monitoring enterprises, the future development is both opportunities and challenges.
Domestic-funded enterprises have increased research and development efforts to enhance their core competitiveness. On the one hand, with the public's urgent need for environmental improvement and the government's over-emphasis or introduction of environmental protection policies, the market space for environmental protection and environmental monitoring is increasing; on the other hand, as competition in the industry becomes more and more Intense, gross profit in the industry generally declined. Under this circumstance, local enterprises want to maintain their competitiveness and expand their market share. They must strengthen their own technology research and development or through outreach. Keeping technology innovating and striving to narrow the technological gap with foreign companies is the condition for enterprises to develop rapidly.
By the end of 2015, 3,360 national environmental air quality monitoring points had been built, including 1,436 “national control pointsâ€. We have calculated the area of ​​338 built-up areas of administrative units above the prefecture level. According to the setting requirements of the monitoring points, the number of “national control points†should be about 1,400, only slightly less than 1,436. According to the Environmental Statistics Bulletin, the number of “national control points†did not increase from 2013 to the end of 2015. Therefore, we believe that the “National Control Point†network has been completed. In the “Thirteenth Five-Year Planâ€, the increase in monitoring points mainly comes from the “provincial control point†network based on county-level administrative units. According to the latest statistics, there are 2,851 county-level administrative units in the country, with an average population of 500,000 per county. Therefore, we can estimate that each county-level administrative unit needs to set up two air quality inspection points. According to the 2015 Environmental Statistics Bulletin, there are 1924 air quality inspection points outside the “National Control Pointâ€. Therefore, it can be estimated that the total number of new air quality monitoring points will increase to approximately 3,800 during the entire 13th Five-Year Plan period (from the end of 2015). According to statistics from the bidding documents of the air monitoring station announced by China Recruitment Network in 2017, most of the air monitoring stations have a budget of between 120 and 1.6 million. At the same time, with reference to the procurement data of the China National Environmental Monitoring Center, the average automatic environmental air monitoring equipment is about 120-1.5 million. Conservative estimates, we use the 1.2 million budget as a benchmark to calculate the total incremental space of the air quality monitoring station during the 13th Five-Year Plan period is about 4.5 billion, an average of about 900 million per year.
The “Regulations on the Operation and Management of the National Air Monitoring City Station†clearly states: “In principle, the equipment will be replaced by a cycle of 5-8 yearsâ€. Therefore, we can assume that most of the air monitoring equipment is updated from the 5th to the 8th year of equipment operation. According to the data of the Environmental Monitoring Station, we can deduce that the air monitoring equipment (not just the monitoring station equipment) will usher in a large-scale "changing tide" in 2019, and the total number of equipment to be updated each year will be around 1,500 units. According to the number of monitoring stations we have summarized above, the replacement of the national control station has begun, and the number of replacement equipment is about 200 sets per year. The layout of the provincial control points has not yet been completed. We predict that there will be 3,800 new provincial control points during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, and the number of provincial control points during the original “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period will be more than 1,900. Based on these data, we believe that there are about 300 provincial control points that need to be updated every year during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. In the long run, after the completion of the “13th Five-Year Plan†and “Provincial Control Point†network, the number of equipment that needs to be updated every year after 2020 will exceed 700 units. With the addition and updating of equipment, the market space of the air quality monitoring station during the “13th Five-Year Plan†period is about 1.3 billion yuan per year.
According to the “National Rural Environmental Quality Monitoring Implementation Planâ€, environmental monitoring of 1695 villages will be added from 2017 to 2019, and environmental monitoring will be added to more than 5,000 villages after 2020. It can be considered that during the “13th Five-Year Plan†period, an average of more than 560 rural stations were added each year. According to the calculation of 50-600,000 per device, during the “13th Five-Year Plan†period, the rural air quality monitoring market increased by 850 million yuan, with an average annual price of 280 million yuan. In the long run, the incremental space for the rural air quality monitoring market is 3.38 billion yuan.
According to the 2015 Environmental Statistics Bulletin, as of the end of 2015 (the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†deadline), there were 10,147 water quality monitoring sections, 4,764 drinking water sources, and 894 coastal waters.
Its China control section has 972 points, monitoring 423 rivers and 62 reservoirs. According to the "13th Five-Year" National Surface Water Environmental Quality Monitoring Network Design Plan, during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, in order to ensure the historical continuity of environmental monitoring data, in principle, no new monitoring sections will be established. At the same time, the surface water monitoring during the 13th Five-Year Plan will adjust the original section. After the adjustment, the national control section (point) was 2767, monitoring 1366 rivers and 139 lakes.
According to the 2015 China Environmental Statistics Bulletin of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the annual wastewater discharge was 73.53 billion tons, an increase of 2.7% over 2014. The main wastewater discharge is from urban domestic sewage. In 2015, urban domestic sewage discharge was 53.52 billion tons, an increase of 4.9% over 2014, accounting for 72.8% of all wastewater discharges. Industrial wastewater discharge was 19.95 billion tons, a decrease of 2.8% from 2014.
Waste (soil) water pollution and domestic sewage discharge, and industrial sewage discharge from industrial enterprises. Waste (sewage) water monitoring mainly includes chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen monitoring. Oil discharge, volatile phenols, cyanide and heavy metal monitoring are also included in industrial source wastewater discharge monitoring.
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China's environmental monitoring industry development trend and forecast analysis
China's environmental monitoring industry development trend and forecast analysis