How to prevent and control citrus floating fruit

At present, the technical measures for controlling citrus floating skin mainly include regulating fertilizer and water supply, sheltering from rain, harvesting at appropriate time, controlling storage environment and rational use of hormones.

1. Mainly organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer

Citrus orchards should be based on organic fertilizers, paying attention to the protection of roots and soil environment; adding phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and not applying partial or heavy urea fertilizers.

In addition to the emphasis on phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, the fruit trees can be sprayed with sea snail bio-stimulants and brassinolides to prevent floating fruits from being over-extended and over-nitrogen.

2, timely topdressing, re-application of calcium fertilizer

The application rate and application period of top dressing are also directly related to the floating skin. The application period is preferably in July, preferably no later than in early August.

Before the fruit is harvested until the spring shoots sprout, the orchard can apply a lime, which is beneficial to adjust the soil pH, enhance the flexibility and hardness of the peel, and reduce the occurrence of floating skin.

3. Fertilization outside the root of the key period of growth

When the citrus fruit is inflated to maturity, spraying the phosphorus potassium source pool + sea spirit bio-stimulant can help to improve the nutrition of the tree, promote the development of the peel and reduce the occurrence of the floating fruit before harvest.

The sea elf bio-stimulant contains seaweed essence and trace elements in the chelated state, and the nutrition is comprehensive. Calcium can enhance the cell wall thickness of the peel; boron can help increase the absorption and transportation of calcium, which is conducive to swelling and coloration; the loss of magnesium and zinc also has a certain relationship with the production of floating fruit.

4. Strengthen water management

During the ripening and coloring of the fruit, the effect of reducing the occurrence of the floating skin can be reduced by reducing the irrigation and doing the drainage in the garden to minimize the humidity of the orchard.

At the same time, measures such as mulching, canopy white film and greenhouse cultivation can reduce the risk of increased fruiting rate due to excessive rain.

5. Reasonable fruit thinning to ensure proper results of the tree

Excessive fruiting, the skin is poorly developed, and there are more floating skins. In order to reduce the occurrence of floating skin, fruit thinning should be carried out after fruit stabilization. The degree of fruit thinning is usually determined by the ratio of leaf to fruit required for stable yield of citrus.

The ratio of leaf to fruit that determines the citrus yield is generally 20:1 for sugar orange, 30~40:1 for medium fruit type (Gongan, etc.), 40~50:1 for large fruit type (Wogan, Maogu, etc.), and 60:50 for navel orange: 1.

6, rational use of gibberellin

The appropriate amount of gibberellin after 2/3 of Xiehua is necessary for fruit preservation, but attention should be paid to the concentration. Generally, for the first time, every 100ml of gibberellin (920) emulsifiable concentrate is 350~400kg, and the second time is 250~300kg.

One month before the coloration of citrus fruit, it is a high incidence of physiological floating skin. 20 to 25 days before harvest, spraying gibberellin on the fruit has a certain effect on preventing the occurrence of floating fruit. However, green patches appear on the peel and do not subside after storage, affecting the appearance of the fruit. So this method is not recommended!

7. Mature citrus fruits harvested at the right time

Fruits that are exported or stored for storage should be harvested at a level of about 80%, that is, when the fruit surface is 2/3 turns yellow, it is appropriate to choose yellow, and to harvest in batches.

The fruits that are directly sold in the vicinity can be harvested after they are cooked, and sold as soon as possible after harvesting.

In the case of unpredictable winter weather, try to reduce the retention of fresh trees. For the preservation of trees, spraying calcium and potassium fertilizer in front of the cover film will help maintain quality.

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