How to resist melon cultivation

1Select early and high-yield varieties

Choose the best variety of melons such as Baiyu, Jingtian 1 and Jingtian 208 with strong growth, high quality, high yield and early maturity.

2 soaking seeds and germination

Soak the seeds with warm soup, immerse the seeds in warm water of 50-55 °C and stir constantly. When the water temperature drops to 30 °C, stop stirring. Soak for 6-8 hours (hours), remove and wash the mucus on the surface of the seeds with water, then wrap them in a damp cloth. It is good to germination under the condition of 25~30 °C, and it can be sown after sprouting. This method can kill the pathogen on the surface of the seed and promote the water absorption and germination of the seed.

3 sowing

Seedlings are grown in a solar greenhouse. The sowing time of melons is preferably in the middle of March. The seedbed is sprayed with appropriate amount of carbendazim at the same time as the soil is fertilized, and disinfected. After watering the ground, it can be sown. Generally, it should be spread, and the seeds should be evenly distributed so as to be transplanted after emergence. The soil covered on the soil is about 0.5cm. It should not be too thick. Otherwise, it will affect the germination of the seeds, and then cover a film. Keep the seedbed moist, see dry watering. The rootstock variety is selected from white seed pumpkin sweet anvil No. 1, which is 4 to 5 days (days) later than melon seeds. Seedling age 30 ~ 40d (days).

4 grafting seedlings

When the cotyledons of the rootstock are flattened, the melons are grafted one by one. The day before the grafting, the seedbed is first watered to increase the soil and air humidity, so that it is easy to transplant when grafting. Grafting adopts the abutment method: first take the rootstock seedlings, use bamboo sticks to remove the growth point of the rootstock seedlings, and then cut 0.5 to 1.0cm on the lower side of the cotyledons, use a blade to cut obliquely at 45 degrees, and cut to the hypocotyl 1/2. Then cut obliquely at 30 degrees below the cotyledon of melon, and cut into the hypocotyl 3/5. The length of the incision of the melon is equivalent to the length of the rootstock incision. Then the rootstock and the melon incision are pressed tightly, and the rootstock and melon cotyledons are adjusted. "Ten" shape to prevent mutual shading, and then use the graft clip to fix the interface. After the grafting is completed, the grafted seedlings are placed in the arch shed, covered with plastic film, heat preservation, etc., and attention is given to ventilation and ventilation to adjust the temperature and humidity in the shed. Generally, it is 1~3d (days) after grafting, and it is kept at 25~28°C during the day and 17~20°C at night. After that, the temperature is gradually reduced by increasing the ventilation, keeping 20~25°C during the day and 16~18°C during the night. After grafting 7 ~10d (days) to remove the film for normal management.

5 using straw bio-fermentation (reactor)

Technical straw bio-fermentation has two types of built-in and external type. The melon field cultivation adopts built-in type. This technology can increase the concentration of CO2 in the air, promote photosynthesis, increase the yield of melon, improve the quality of melon, and reduce the use of chemical fertilizer. The amount is increased by 3 to 5 ° C, and the melon is listed 10 to 15 days in advance. For each 667m2, the straw (corn straw, wheat straw) can be 3000-5000kg, and the strain 15-20kg.

Operation method: generally adopting large and small rows of planting, large row spacing of 90-100cm, small row spacing of 60-80cm, first ditching under small rows (planting rows), the groove width is 60-80cm, the depth is 20cm, and the straw is placed 30cm thick ( 10cm above the ground, 10cm straw stalks are exposed at both ends of the ditch to allow oxygen to enter, and then the treated strains are mixed with wheat bran and then sprinkled on the straw, and then covered with 20-25 cm thick soil to form a planting ridge. In the large row, the straw is soaked in water, and after 3 to 5 days (days), the No. 12 steel bar is used to punch holes in the planting hole, and the hole depth is based on the penetration of the straw layer. After 20 days (days), the melon seedlings were planted, punched, and the film was covered and the holes were placed around the melon seedlings.

6 colonization

The melon planting period in Zoucheng area is suitable in late April. Generally, when the ground temperature at 10 cm is stable above 15 ° C, it is colonized. When planting, ditch the seedlings on the surface of the ridge, water, cover the soil, and buckle the small arch shed. The specifications of the small arch shed are 2.0-2.2m wide at the bottom of the shed and 80cm above the shed. The length of the shed is determined according to the needs. The maximum length is 30m. The shed is covered with film. Pay attention to ventilation after plant slow seedlings to prevent high temperature burning. Melons grow more than vines, usually 2200 ~ 2400 plants per 667m2.

7 field management

7.1 Fertilizer management

Because the temperature of melon planting is lower, the water evaporation is less. After pouring the planting water, it should pay attention to heat preservation and control watering. After planting, until the first female flower blooms, keep the soil dry and wet. Generally, water is poured once every 7-10 days (days), too much watering, which is easy to cause the plant to grow long and delay the result. No flowering during the flowering period, no watering, to prevent excessive watering, causing falling flowers and fruit. After the fruit is placed, water should be properly watered. Generally, water is poured once every 5 to 7 days (days) to keep the soil dry and wet. The watering was stopped 10 days before the harvest, and the harvesting period was not drought or watering, in order to increase the sugar content of the fruit as much as possible. After slow seedlings, the cultivating is carried out in several stages, and the plant growth regulator Shuofeng 481 (natural alizarin lactone) is sprayed to promote the healthy growth of the seedlings. In the extended vine period, the ternary compound fertilizer with higher nitrogen content can be applied once in combination with watering. During the expansion period of melon, 15kg of potassium sulfate and 20kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per 667m2 increase the nutrient supply of melon and promote the rapid expansion of the fruit. During the growth period, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be sprayed on the leaves 2 to 3 times to promote plant growth and fruit development.

7.2 Pruning

Melon is mainly made up of sun-grown melons, which adopts multi-vine pruning method. When the main vines are 4 leaves, the heart is picked up. When the vine grows to 7 to 8 leaves, the heart is picked again, and the sun vine grows out to promote the flowering result. The sun vines in the fourth vine on the vines should be picked early, and the sun vines in the fourth quarter or more begin. Leave melons, leave 6 to 8 fruits per plant. After the young melons sit, pick up the sun vines, promote the transportation of nutrients to the young melons, and promote the expansion of the young melons. After sitting on the melon, it grows naturally and no longer prunes.

7.3 Artificial pollination

Melon is a monoecious cross-flower crop. Due to the low temperature and less insects in early spring, artificial supplementary pollination is generally required to increase the fruit setting rate of melon. After the female flower is opened, when the daytime temperature rises to 20 °C, the male flower that is open on the day is selected for artificial pollination. Generally in pollination

After 7 days (days), when the young melon grows to the size of the egg, choose melon to remove the excess flowers and young melon.

8 pest control

Using comprehensive prevention and control technologies combining agriculture, physics and chemistry, try to use low-toxic, high-efficiency, low-residue chemicals to avoid phytotoxicity and environmental pollution. Cultivation with high ridges, covering the mulch, and avoiding planting in low-lying areas. Yellow plate and frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps are suspended in the field to trap insects.

The main diseases of melon are powdery mildew, blight, blight, etc. Powdery mildew can be controlled with 2% antimycotic 120 (agricultural anti-120) water 200 times liquid or 1% Wuyin bacteria water 100-150 times liquid; The disease can be controlled by 50% carbendazim WP 600 times solution or 50% benomyl WP 1500 times solution; the disease can be controlled by 72% frost urea manganese zinc (Kelu) wettable powder 800 times liquid, each Spray 7 to 3 times every 7 to 10 days (days). The main pests are aphids, whitefly, etc. The aphids can be controlled with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 times or 40% dimethoate 1000 times liquid; white powder can be selected with 10% buprofezin (pupidum) emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times Prevention and treatment.

9 harvest

Generally, the fruit matures 25 to 30 days after the pollination, and can be harvested when the melon is ripe. Try not to hurt the fruit when harvesting, so as not to affect the value of the commodity and economic benefits.

Disposal Medical Supply

Medical Equipment Disposal,Syringes Needles Sizes,Disposable Syringe,Insulin Syringe

FOSHAN PHARMA CO., LTD. , https://www.foshanpharma.com