High-yield cultivation techniques of root mustard

Root mustard is the main raw material for pickled processing of pickles. Mainly in autumn. If the management measures are right, the output per 667 square meters can reach more than 5000kg. The main points of high-yield cultivation are summarized as follows: 1. Fertilization and sowing of the whole land 1. The front of the mustard mustard is suitable for melons, beans, potatoes and wheat bran. The former crops must be tempered early, so that there is more time for ploughing and ploughing, and at the same time avoiding the cruciferous crops, it is prone to disease. 2. The Jingdi, Tianjin, and Tangdi areas in the whole land will immediately remove the residual plants and weeds in the field immediately after the harvest in mid-July, and plow the fields. When preparing for land preparation: the land is flat, the soil is finely divided, and there is no way to dispose of it. This is beneficial to the emergence of seedlings to preserve the seedlings and achieve the purpose of seedlings and seedlings. The clods are too large, the ground is uneven, and the depth of seeding is different, which will result in uneven seedlings and lack of seedlings and ridges. Mustard is generally cultivated in small high ridges to facilitate ventilation, light transmission and drainage to prevent soft rot. Immediately after the land preparation, the small ridges are arranged, the row spacing is 45cm, the ridge height is 10-15cm, and the ridge back width is 18-20cm. Eli sowing and sowing. 3. The whole growth period of fertilized mustard is about 80 days, and the growth time is longer. The fertilization should be based on the basic fertilizer and the principle of catching up with fertilizer. Generally, about 2,000 square meters of farmyard manure is applied to the 667 square meters. Combined with the cultivation of cultivated land, it is better to use rotary tillage and rotary tillage twice. The bottom fertilizer ditch application can be applied to 20 kg of Saco-rich compound fertilizer and 15 kg of potassium chloride per 667 square meters. 4, sowing seeding is one of the key measures to capture the high yield of mustard. The Beijing, Tianjin and Tang regions were the best sowing dates from the end of July to the beginning of August. Variety selection of small mustard bald mustard varieties is good. The amount of seeding depends on the quality of the seeds. Generally, the dosage is 170-200g per 667 square meters. It should not be too much. Otherwise, it is easy to form high seedlings, and it is easy to fall after the seedlings. There are two methods of sowing: one is to cut the ditch along the back of the ridge, the depth is 3-4cm, watering in the ditch, sowing, covering the soil and flattening; the second is dry sowing, that is, ditching, sowing, covering the soil and then watering, But be sure to prevent the seeds from being washed away by the back of the ridge. These two methods are good for the former, so the method of seeding the bottom water is sufficient, the soil is soft, and the seedlings are easy to excavate. The latter soil is easy to knot, and it is necessary to use a nail to lick it before the emergence of the seedling. However, no matter which method is used to cover the soil, it should not be too thick, 1.5-2cm is appropriate, too shallow and too deep will affect the emergence of seedlings, generally 3 days Qi Miao. Second, the field management 1, seedling management seedlings emerged quickly after the emergence of the seedlings. Generally, when the first true leaf is unfolded, the first seedling is carried out, and the seedling distance is 3 cm, so as to prevent the crowd from growing into tall seedlings. The seedlings should be carried out when the three true leaves are unfolded, and the cotyledons are kept flat, which is in line with the characteristics of the varieties, and the roots are moderately long and the seedlings are of the same size. Plant spacing of 20cm, 667 square meters of seedlings 6500-7000 strains, should not be too dense. If it is a large ape variety, the seedling distance should also be relaxed. 2, reasonable watering mustard in the seedling period, the annual rainfall can basically meet the water demand, but the temperature should be watered in the morning and evening, the temperature should not be too large. Prevent soil from water shortage during seedling stage. In the medium term, the Bailu Festival should be based on seedlings, watering should not be diligent, insisting on drought and not watering. Prevent young seedlings from growing in order to cultivate strong seedlings. In the later period, the period from white dew to frost is a period of rapid expansion of the roots. It is advisable to keep the soil moisture and water to see the wet and dry. 3. Topdressing and topdressing with poor soil fertility and insufficient soil fertility is a key measure to capture high yield. The top dressing time should be combined with the soil before the sealing of the ridge. Generally, 10 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium chloride are applied per 667 square meters. The method is to spread in the middle of the ditch and then on the whole ditch. Be careful not to bury the mustard roots. 4, cultivating and weeding in order to keep the soil loose, enhance the amount of oxygen in the soil, maintain water, appropriate cultivating and weeding. It is advisable to carry out 2-3 times from the emergence of seedlings to the ridge-sealing, and weeding in combination with cultivating. 5, pest control The main pests of mustard are aphids and cabbage worms. The mites can be controlled with 1500 times solution of omethoate. The resistance of Pieris rapae is strong. It can be mixed with insecticides such as phoxim, rifampicin and chrysanthemum emulsifiable concentrate according to the instructions. The disease of mustard is mainly soft rot and black rot, and cockroaches are mainly prevention. The seeds are soaked before sowing, and each 250g of seeds is sown with 50g of vegetable Fengning, and the disease prevention effect is remarkable. In the growth period of mustard greens, 10 million units of agricultural streptomycin can be added with 50-70 kg of water, 50 kg of vegetable fengning, 50 kg of water, and 500-700 times of sensation of ammonium, once every 10 days, which can effectively control the occurrence of diseases. . 6. Application of plant growth regulators After the mustard seedlings can be sprayed with Green Wind 95 or Tongwei No. 1 to increase the photosynthesis of the leaves, and at the same time have obvious effects of increasing yield and disease resistance. The temperature difference between day and night after the white dew is large, and the mustard is rapidly expanding. It should be applied with potassium dihydrogen phosphate root and alternately sprayed with expanding pigment, usually 3 times every 10 days. The effect of inflating 30 kg per 50 g of water and 150 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate on water production of 15 kg is remarkable.

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