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High-oil Soybean Production New Technology
1. Selecting 40% of the high-yield soybeans of good varieties comes from the selection of good varieties. The varieties suitable for planting in the Zhangwu region are Liaodou No.11, Tiefeng No.31 and Kaiyu No.12, among which Liaodou No.11 and iron Feng 31 is sub-contracted habits, with strong branching, resistance and disease resistance, and Kaiyu 12 is a limited knot habit, with strong resistance to lodging. 2. Soil preparation Fertilizer selection does not emphasize land reclamation and land reclamation, fine soil preparation, and after harvesting the former crop, the root crop is broken with a stubble machine, and the root crop is manually removed to remove the crop, followed by autumn tillage, and a tillage depth of 16 to 20 cm. Immediately after ploughing, plowing, ridging and compaction. The traditional practice of not applying fertilizer to soybeans and the insufficient amount of fertilizers restrict the increase in yield. Generally, for each 100 kg of soybean produced, 8.6 kg of pure nitrogen, 3.1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 3.6 kg of potassium oxide need to be guaranteed. Soybean special fertilizer is preferred and microbial fertilizers are recommended. Apply 1,000 kilograms of high-quality manure per 667 square meters, or 2000 to 3,000 kilograms of fully-fertilized organic fertilizer, 8 to 10 kilograms of diammonium phosphate and 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate, or 10 kilograms of NPK fertilizer, and plant high-oil soybean Disable nitrate nitrogen fertilizer. Fertilizer application can be applied at the bottom of the ridge when the top pulp is ridged. It can also be applied beside the sowing bottom or seed at the time of sowing. The chemical fertilizer and the seeds must be separated from each other by more than 3 centimeters; rooting is performed at the early flowering stage and the spurt stage. Top dressing or foliar dressing. 3. Seeds are sowed before treatment to select seeds, remove lesions, insects, grains, impurities, and require a purity of not less than 98%. When the weather is clear within 5 to 15 days before sowing, bean seeds are sown in the sun 3 For ~5 days, the thickness of bean seeds during spreading is 3 to 4 cm, and they need to be turned frequently. Before seeding, seed coaters should be used to coat seeds by 1:70 for the drug species, and be protected during operation. In order to increase the yield, it is also possible to use seed dressing. The 1.5 g of ammonium molybdate per kilogram can be dissolved in water and evenly sprinkled on the beans. The amount of liquid used for mixing is 0.5% of the seed amount. Do not over-wet so as not to soak seed coats, and then dry them in a cool place after dressing. The average monthly temperature in spring is stable and the planting starts at 8°C, between April 20 and May 10, and the best sowing date is around April 25. The sowing rate of 667 square meters is about 3.5 kg, which varies with the size of the seed and cannot exceed 4.5 kg. The sowing method is divided into seed drilling and hole sowing, and the distribution of seeds is mainly uniform. Isometric Drilling No matter whether the mechanical drilling or draughting is on-demand, seeding, trenching, sowing, earth-covering, and suppressing continuous operations are all required. After sowing, the depth of cover soil is 3 to 5 cm; equidistant sowing is to plant 3 seeds per hole and immediately cover the soil after sowing. Contiguous planting can increase the yield of high oil soybeans. Spring seedlings can shorten soybean seedlings and flowering 10 days in advance, and should increase production by sparse planting. After sowing, 1 to 3 compound leaves were completely unfolded, and the seedlings were planted. Weak seedlings, young seedlings, diseased seedlings, and hybrid seedlings were sown and the seedlings were set once. Found that lack of seedling broken strips to replant. 4. For the first time when the field management vault is in progress, the first mechanical deep loose soil will be used, and 2 to 3 cm thick loose soil will be placed on the seedlings. Complete 3 shovels 3 rakes before soy ridge closure. When the seedlings give birth to two opposite leaves, use a spatula to cut off the lateral roots and the main roots at a depth of 60 degrees from the ground at 6 cm from the bean tree. During the flowering period, Qiaofei significantly increased yield. Apply urea 3 to 5 kilograms or ammonium sulfate 6 to 10 kilograms per 667 square meters at the beginning of flowering period; with flowering topdressing, use 15 grams of ammonium sulfate dissolved in water for foliar application; 500 grams of urea can be used in the early days of the grain, phosphoric acid Dihydrogen potassium 100 grams, potassium sulfate 5 grams of foliar spray. In the event of soil drought, timely irrigation will be carried out during the period of grain growth; excessive rain will be drained in time of flowering. The flowering period can be sprayed with growth retardants such as chlormequat and paclobutrazol. When the seedlings cut off the roots for 3 to 5 days, they will go from the base of the compound leaf to the top and promote their "four-door bucket" type four branches. This is a topping, and the second topping will be topped when the soybeans grow to 1 meter. go with. It is important to note that once the top is to be “smallâ€, the second top should be “oldâ€. When plants grow to three compound leaves, they are found to be dwarfed, dark green or yellow-green mottled leaves, uneven or narrow wrinkles, etc., and they must be removed and taken out of the field to be buried in time to prevent the spread of the virus. . For the locusts and red spiders, the Japanese locust bees, which are the natural enemies of locusts released in early June, can be controlled. The amount of bees is about 70,000 heads per 667 square meters; or 40% dimethoate is used per 667 square meters in the early stages of locust occurrence. Milliliter, mixed with 10 kg of wet fine sand, can also be used 50% anti-converse 10 to 15 grams, 45 to 75 kg of water spray. In mid-August, soybean spawning females spawned at the height of their egg production. Trichogramma beetle could be effectively controlled and the number of bees per 667 square meters was 20,000 to 30,000; or in mid-August, about 50 centimeters of yak straw were used, 80% dichlorvos immersed in emulsifiable concentrates for 3 minutes to make poison sticks, insert 1 per 5 ridges, insert 1 per 5 plants, use 100 grams per 667 square meters, and also use 25% killer EC spray. At the beginning of the spreading of dodder seedlings or on rainy days, Lubao 1 with a concentration of 5107 (50 million) spores per mL was sprayed on the dodder seedlings, or sprayed with 40% diammonium emulsifiable concentrate. In the late growth stage, the grass is removed before the seeds ripen. 5. In the timely harvesting period, artificial harvesting was carried out at 90% of the plants' deciduous leaves; mechanical harvesting was all done at the leaves and the beans were harvested at the time of rounding. When harvesting manually, the cuttings should be low, generally 5 to 6 centimeters from the ground, whichever is less. When harvesting, do not lose branches or fry, and the loss rate is less than 1%. After sun-cutting for 5 to 7 days, the threshing of the playing field should be timely, so that the same species can receive a single bill of lading. After threshing, artificial field or mechanical cleaning is performed. After the cleaning, the seeds are dried for several days to reduce the moisture content. Using the above cultivation techniques, through a one-year production trial in the arid region of western Liaoning, the result is that the high-oil soybean Sophora 31 had an average production of 667 square meters of about 220 kilograms, an increase of 19.5% over the control variety, and Liaodou 11 production of 245 kilograms. The control varieties increased by 20.7%; Kaiyu 12 produced 200 kilograms, an increase of 16.9% over the control varieties.
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