Essentials of kiwifruit management technology

Formulated fertilization is based on organic fertilizer, and formula fertilization is implemented. Determination of soil nutrients, scientific ratio of nutrients, generally nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio of 1:0.9:1. In the whole year, base fertilizer, sprouting fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer and excellent fruit fertilizer were applied four times. Increase the amount of organic fertilizer (farm fertilizer), scientifically apply trace element fertilizers and biological fertilizers, and gradually reduce the amount of fertilizer. The application of organic fertilizer is 3,000-5000 kg per mu, and the application time is mainly after harvesting. The orchard with insufficient application of organic fertilizer in the early stage needs to be supplemented with compound fertilizer before the rapid expansion period of the fruit to ensure the nutrients needed for the growth of kiwi fruit.

Scientific pruning is mainly based on summer shears (except for the period of injury). The kiwifruit is pruned throughout the year to enhance the tree potential and improve the cold resistance and disease resistance of the tree. The saplings and the first fruit trees are promoted to control the growth, expand the crown and accelerate the formation; the result tree mainly regulates the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the tree, the leaf area index is maintained at 2.8-3.2, and the light spots under the canopy occupy the whole tree. 15%-20% of the projected area, adjust the relationship between nutrient transport and distribution, achieve balanced growth and results of trees, prevent years and years, and make it continue to produce high yield, stable yield, high quality and high efficiency.

From May to July, the kiwifruit topping and other summer shearing work should be done. The results of the branch will leave three leaves above the last fruit. For the next year, the mother branch will be postponed, generally retaining 8-12 leaves. The location is as close as possible to the inner shackles, and the 34-meter orchard chooses 18-25 fruiting branches.

During the period of reasonable load, the yield of Xuxiang and Hayward kiwifruit is controlled at 2000-2250 kg, and the output of Hongyang is controlled at 750-1000 kg. In the fruit period, 40-50 fruits per square meter, and the weight of single fruit is controlled at 90-140 grams. After kiwi germination, the mother branch leaves a result branch every 20 cm, and removes the lower branches, over the branches, and dysplastic branches; after the flower buds are separated, the side buds are removed in time, the main buds are retained, and the small buds and deformities are removed. Bud, strong branches leave 5-6 flower buds, and Zhongyong branches leave 3-4 flower buds. After 7-10 days after flowering, the fruit is thinned out, and the small fruit, the deformed fruit, the diseased fruit are removed, and the fruit is checked once every half month.

Orchard grass gardens are short-term, shallow roots, dwarf poles, high-efficiency economic crops, and fruit orchards in the fruit-growing period are planted with scorpion and clover. Rational use of weeds, mowing grass cover tree trays, increasing organic matter, improving orchard microclimate, reducing irrigation times and fertilizer use.

50-60 days after the fruit bag is dropped, the fruit is sprayed with a sterilization, insecticide and calcium fertilizer. The fruit on the surface of the set is well-developed and has no defects. The bag is made of wood pulp paper bag with a size of 1216 cm and a vent hole at the bottom.

Green prevention and control is based on agricultural control, protects natural enemies, comprehensively utilizes physical, biological, chemical and other control measures, uses pollution-free plant sources, biological sources, mineral-sourced pesticides, and cannot use high-toxic and high-residue pesticides prohibited by the state. Inflating agent. It is recommended to install insecticidal lamps in orchards, prey on predatory mites, lure cores, traps, etc. to prevent and control harmful organisms, reduce the amount of pesticides used, and ensure the quality and safety of fruits.

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