Nutritional requirements for high-yielding ducks

Ducks need to continuously absorb more than 40 nutrients from the diet in order to maintain life, promote growth and reproduce offspring needs. Summarized can be divided into six major categories, namely carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water. Various nutrients have different functions and are indispensable. To this end, we must provide a balanced, sufficient amount of nutrients for ducks through feed to achieve higher economic returns.

After the laying duck enters the laying period, the demand for nutrients is higher than in the previous stages, and a large amount of nutrients necessary for egg production are needed. The energy, protein, and calcium requirements for feeds are calculated as follows:

The energy is mainly determined by the weight, the size of the egg weight, the ambient temperature and the egg production rate. can

The quantity requirement is calculated by maintaining the metabolic energy needed to produce the metabolic energy needed to produce the egg. For example, for female ducks weighing 1.5 kilograms, the metabolic energy required for daily maintenance is assumed to be 859 kilojoules, and for each 67 gm egg produced requires about 878 kilojoules of metabolizable energy, and the egg production rate is 90%. The metabolic energy required by this duck per day is: (859+878) 0.9 = 1563.3 (kJ). Assuming that the diet fed contains 10,460 kJ of metabolic energy per kilogram, the daily feed intake of this duck is: 1563.310460 = 0.150 (kilograms), ie, the daily feed of this duck should be set at 150 grams.

Proteins are mainly determined by body weight, egg production rate, egg weight and protein digestibility and utilization. The protein requirement is calculated as follows: protein requirement = [maintenance required protein + protein production rate (%) egg production] / (protein digestibility protein utilization rate).

Calcium is mainly determined by factors such as body weight, egg production rate, egg weight and ambient temperature. For example: a 1.5 kilogram duck, daily calcium maintenance needs about 0.18 grams, such as the production of a 67-gram egg, which accounted for 10% of the eggshell weight, that is, shell weight 6.7 grams, about calcium in the eggshell 40%, that is, the calcium content in the eggshell is about 2.68 grams, and the egg also contains 0.03 grams of calcium, and the total is: 0.18+2.68+0.03=2.89 grams. Assuming that the digestibility and utilization of dietary calcium is only 60% in ducks, the daily calcium requirement of this duck is 2.89g/0.6 = 4.82g (calculated at 100% egg production rate). If the duck feeds 155 grams per day, then the calcium content in the diet is 3.1% (4.82/155 = 0.031) to meet its calcium requirement for egg production.

The calcium content of mineral ducks and ducks diet is generally 2.5%~3.5%, the phosphorus content is generally about 0.5%, and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is generally 4:1~6:1. Each kg of feed requires 60 mg to 80 mg of iron, 5 mg to 8 mg of copper, 50 mg to 60 mg of zinc, 30 mg to 60 mg of manganese, and 0.12 mg to 0.25 mg of selenium.

Vitamins per kilogram of feed require vitamin A8000 international unit ~ 10000 international units, vitamin D400 international unit ~ 600 international units, vitamin E30 international units, nicotinic acid 35 mg ~ 60 mg, choline 800 mg ~ 1000 mg.

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